Comparative mythology corpus

batch.motif.buddhist-jataka-birth-stories-rhys-davids-gutenberg-l13610-l13947

batch.motif.buddhist-jataka-birth-stories-rhys-davids-gutenberg-l13610-l13947

---
record_id: batch.motif.buddhist-jataka-birth-stories-rhys-davids-gutenberg-l13610-l13947
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/buddhist/project-gutenberg/buddhist-birth-stories-volume-1-rhys-davids.md
passage_locator:
  label: END OF THE STORY OF THE BULL WHO WON THE BET. / END OF THE STORY OF THE WISE
    BIRD AND THE FOOLS. / END OF BOOK I. CHAPTER IV. / INDEX.; lines 13610-13947
  start: '13610'
  end: '13947'
  translation: Buddhist birth stories; or, Jataka tales, Volume 1
  notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
    human review required.
canonical_text:
  quote: ''
  summary: The passage closes Book I, Chapter IV and begins an index. The index explains
    its reference system and Pāli pronunciation guide, then lists names, Jātaka titles,
    persons, places, animals, objects, and topics with page or story-number references.
    Several entries are terse subject labels for animal tales, moral topics, Buddhist
    figures, cross-cultural story traditions, and narrative objects.
  language: English
  quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
  text: The passage marks the end of Book I, Chapter IV and begins an index.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:2
  text: The index states that Jātaka names published in Fausböll’s text are included
    by story number, while other references are to pages in the volume.
  category: other
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:3
  text: The index provides a practical pronunciation guide for Pāli vowels, consonants,
    and accent placement.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:4
  text: The index includes entries for Buddhist figures and categories including former
    Buddhas, Gotama the Buddha, Bodisats, Arahats, Brāhmans, and angels.
  category: object
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
- id: obs:5
  text: The index includes animal-tale entries involving antelopes, birds, bulls,
    crows, cranes, a crab, a crocodile image, an ass, a goat, and a jackal.
  category: object
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
  - ev:9
  - ev:10
  - ev:11
  - ev:12
  - ev:13
- id: obs:6
  text: The index includes moral or social topic entries such as reverence to age,
    betting, begging for food, charity, caste, credulity, and city cheats and country
    fools.
  category: other
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:14
  - ev:15
  - ev:16
  - ev:17
- id: obs:7
  text: The index includes cross-cultural literary references such as Æsop, Arabian
    Nights, Arabian story-books, Babrius, Barlaam and Josaphat, Bidpai, and a Hebrew
    storybook author.
  category: relationship
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:18
  - ev:19
  - ev:20
- id: obs:8
  text: The index lists objects and ritual or sacred structures including a begging
    bowl, a wishing cup, brass ornaments and water-pots, bells, and several dāgabas.
  category: object
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:21
  - ev:22
  - ev:23
figures:
- id: fig:1
  name_or_label: Gotama the Buddha
  description: Listed in the index as the subject of a life section, with pages 60-130
    and date of death reference.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: fig:2
  name_or_label: Former Buddhas
  description: Listed as a category in the Buddha index entry, followed by named Buddhas
    such as Dīpaŋkara, Kondañña, Maŋgala, and others.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: fig:3
  name_or_label: Bodisats
  description: Listed as an index entry and also associated with specific figures
    such as Ajita, Arindama, Atideva, and Atula.
  role_refs:
  - role:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  - ev:24
- id: fig:4
  name_or_label: Arahats
  description: Listed with notes on outward signs, supposed unconsciousness, and indifference
    to worldly things.
  role_refs:
  - role:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: fig:5
  name_or_label: Angels
  description: Listed with actions including opening the gate for Gotama, four guardian
    angels, and foolish doubt regarding the Buddha.
  role_refs:
  - role:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: fig:6
  name_or_label: Bull
  description: Appears in index entries for a bull who lost a bet, a bull who earned
    wages, Big-red the ox, and Blackie the old woman’s bull.
  role_refs:
  - role:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
- id: fig:7
  name_or_label: Birds
  description: Appear in index entries for bird-catching, birds and the burning tree,
    crows and owls, crow and fox, crow and jackal, quail and partridge cross-references,
    and the wise-bird label in the passage locator.
  role_refs:
  - role:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
  - ev:10
  - ev:13
- id: fig:8
  name_or_label: Crane
  description: Appears in index entries for a cruel crane outwitted and a good crane
    with live fish.
  role_refs:
  - role:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
- id: fig:9
  name_or_label: City cheats and country fools
  description: Listed as an index topic with a page reference.
  role_refs:
  - role:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:17
roles:
- id: role:1
  label: Buddha figure
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  basis: The index explicitly groups Gotama and former Buddhas under the Buddha entry.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: role:2
  label: Bodisat figure
  assigned_to:
  - fig:3
  basis: The passage lists Bodisats and names several figures as Brāhman or king and
    Bodisat.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  - ev:24
- id: role:3
  label: Renunciant or perfected disciple
  assigned_to:
  - fig:4
  basis: The Arahats entry describes outward signs and indifference to worldly things.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: role:4
  label: Supernatural attendants or guardians
  assigned_to:
  - fig:5
  basis: The angels entry states that angels open the gate for Gotama and includes
    four guardian angels.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: role:5
  label: Animal-tale figure
  assigned_to:
  - fig:6
  - fig:7
  - fig:8
  basis: The index includes animal entries attached to tale labels and story topics.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
  - ev:9
  - ev:10
  - ev:11
  - ev:13
- id: role:6
  label: Social contrast figures
  assigned_to:
  - fig:9
  basis: The index entry contrasts city cheats with country fools.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:17
symbols:
- id: sym:1
  label: Tree
  literal_form: burning tree
  associated_figures:
  - fig:7
  taxonomy_refs:
  - tree
  - fire
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: sym:2
  label: Begging bowl
  literal_form: the Buddha’s begging bowl
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:21
- id: sym:3
  label: Wishing cup
  literal_form: cup, the wishing
  associated_figures: []
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:22
- id: sym:4
  label: Water-pots
  literal_form: brass ornaments and water-pots
  associated_figures: []
  taxonomy_refs:
  - water
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:23
- id: sym:5
  label: Dāgabas
  literal_form: Dāgaba of the Diadem, of Kanthaka’s Staying, of the Steadfast Gaze,
    of the Jewelled Cloister, and of the Hair-relics
  associated_figures: []
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:23
- id: sym:6
  label: Bells
  literal_form: bells
  associated_figures: []
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:23
- id: sym:7
  label: Golden cucumbers
  literal_form: the golden cucumbers
  associated_figures: []
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:25
scenes:
- id: scene:1
  label: Index introduction
  summary: The passage explains what the index includes and how its references work.
  figure_refs: []
  symbol_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
- id: scene:2
  label: Pāli pronunciation guide
  summary: The passage gives a rough practical guide to pronouncing Pāli vowels, consonants,
    and accent.
  figure_refs: []
  symbol_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: scene:3
  label: Indexed Buddhist figures
  summary: The index lists Buddhas, Bodisats, Arahats, angels, and related Buddhist
    persons or categories.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  - fig:5
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:2
  - sym:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
  - ev:21
  - ev:23
- id: scene:4
  label: Indexed animal tales
  summary: The index lists several animal-centered tale topics, including bulls, birds,
    antelopes, crows, cranes, a crab, and other animals.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:6
  - fig:7
  - fig:8
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
  - ev:9
  - ev:10
  - ev:11
  - ev:12
  - ev:13
- id: scene:5
  label: Indexed moral and social topics
  summary: The index lists topics such as reverence to age, betting, charity, credulity,
    and city cheats and country fools.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:9
  symbol_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:14
  - ev:15
  - ev:16
  - ev:17
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
  label: Wisdom and folly in animal or social tales
  taxonomy_refs:
  - wisdom
  basis: The passage locator names a wise bird and fools, while the index includes
    entries such as a wily antelope, a greedy antelope, a cruel crane outwitted, foolish
    angels, city cheats and country fools, and credulity as a sin.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:8
  - ev:11
  - ev:16
  - ev:17
  - ev:26
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The passage is an index rather than a full narrative; the motif is inferred
    from terse labels and the locator, not from a complete story episode.
- id: motif:2
  label: Betting and economic testing
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: The index lists betting, a Brāhman and his bet, a bull who lost a bet, and
    a bull who earned wages; the locator also refers to the story of the bull who
    won the bet.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
  - ev:15
  - ev:26
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The index gives only topic labels and references; it does not narrate
    the bet or its outcome in this excerpt.
- id: motif:3
  label: Animal trickery and outwitting
  taxonomy_refs:
  - trickster_boundary
  basis: The index includes animal tale labels involving a wily antelope, crow and
    fox, crow and jackal, a cruel crane outwitted, and city cheats and country fools.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
  - ev:11
  - ev:13
  - ev:17
  confidence: low
  cautions: The taxonomy link is cautious because the index does not state a full
    trickster role or boundary-crossing episode.
- id: motif:4
  label: Sacred Buddhist lineage and exemplars
  taxonomy_refs:
  - wisdom
  basis: The index lists former Buddhas, Gotama the Buddha, Bodisats, Arahats, and
    named Buddhist disciples, presenting a catalogue of exemplary Buddhist figures.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
  confidence: low
  cautions: This is an index arrangement, not a narrative motif sequence; the wisdom
    taxonomy reference is broad.
comparison_claims: []
evidence:
- id: ev:1
  type: quote
  locator: lines 13610-13612
  quote_or_summary: "“END OF BOOK I. CHAPTER IV. / INDEX.”"
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/buddhist/project-gutenberg/buddhist-birth-stories-volume-1-rhys-davids.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; short quotation used.
- id: ev:2
  type: summary
  locator: lines 13614-13619
  quote_or_summary: The index introduction says names in prior tables are omitted,
    Jātaka names published in Fausböll’s text are included by story number, and other
    references are to pages in the volume.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/buddhist/project-gutenberg/buddhist-birth-stories-volume-1-rhys-davids.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:3
  type: summary
  locator: lines 13621-13625
  quote_or_summary: 'The passage gives a rough practical rule for Pāli pronunciation:
    vowels as in Italian, consonants mostly as in English with specified exceptions,
    and accent on the long syllable.'
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/buddhist/project-gutenberg/buddhist-birth-stories-volume-1-rhys-davids.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:4
  type: summary
  locator: lines 13759-13790
  quote_or_summary: The Buddha entry lists former Buddhas, including Dīpaŋkara and
    others, and Gotama the Buddha with life and death references.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/buddhist/project-gutenberg/buddhist-birth-stories-volume-1-rhys-davids.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:5
  type: summary
  locator: lines 13659-13662
  quote_or_summary: The angels entry mentions angels opening the gate for Gotama,
    four guardian angels, and angels who foolishly doubt regarding the Buddha.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/buddhist/project-gutenberg/buddhist-birth-stories-volume-1-rhys-davids.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:6
  type: summary
  locator: lines 13743-13745 and 13651, 13698, 13714, 13730
  quote_or_summary: The index lists Bodisat-related entries, including Bodisats as
    a category and named figures described as Brāhman or king and Bodisat.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/buddhist/project-gutenberg/buddhist-birth-stories-volume-1-rhys-davids.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:7
  type: summary
  locator: lines 13689-13692
  quote_or_summary: The Arahats entry lists outward signs, supposed unconsciousness,
    and indifference to worldly things.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/buddhist/project-gutenberg/buddhist-birth-stories-volume-1-rhys-davids.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:8
  type: summary
  locator: lines 13726-13728
  quote_or_summary: The index lists bird-catching, birds and the burning tree, and
    a cross-reference to birds such as quail and partridge.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/buddhist/project-gutenberg/buddhist-birth-stories-volume-1-rhys-davids.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:9
  type: summary
  locator: lines 13791-13795, 13737, 13794
  quote_or_summary: The index lists a bull who lost a bet, a bull who earned wages,
    Big-red as an ox, and Blackie as the old woman’s bull.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/buddhist/project-gutenberg/buddhist-birth-stories-volume-1-rhys-davids.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:10
  type: summary
  locator: lines 13663-13664 and 13824-13826
  quote_or_summary: The index lists the greedy antelope, the wily antelope, crow and
    fox, crow and jackal, and crows and owls in feud.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/buddhist/project-gutenberg/buddhist-birth-stories-volume-1-rhys-davids.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:11
  type: summary
  locator: lines 13815-13816
  quote_or_summary: The index lists a cruel crane outwitted and a good crane with
    live fish.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/buddhist/project-gutenberg/buddhist-birth-stories-volume-1-rhys-davids.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:12
  type: summary
  locator: lines 13814 and 13827
  quote_or_summary: The index lists a crab with a famous grip and crocodiles in a
    drop of water.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/buddhist/project-gutenberg/buddhist-birth-stories-volume-1-rhys-davids.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:13
  type: summary
  locator: lines 13700, 13754, 13824-13826
  quote_or_summary: The index includes animal tale labels such as ass in the lion’s
    skin, Brāhman and goat, crow and fox, crow and jackal, and crows and owls.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/buddhist/project-gutenberg/buddhist-birth-stories-volume-1-rhys-davids.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:14
  type: summary
  locator: line 13647
  quote_or_summary: The index lists age and the virtue of reverence to age.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/buddhist/project-gutenberg/buddhist-birth-stories-volume-1-rhys-davids.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:15
  type: summary
  locator: lines 13731, 13753-13754
  quote_or_summary: The index lists betting and a Brāhman and his bet.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/buddhist/project-gutenberg/buddhist-birth-stories-volume-1-rhys-davids.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:16
  type: summary
  locator: lines 13702, 13801, 13820
  quote_or_summary: The index lists begging for food, charity and its power, and credulity
    as a sin.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/buddhist/project-gutenberg/buddhist-birth-stories-volume-1-rhys-davids.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:17
  type: quote
  locator: line 13810
  quote_or_summary: "“City cheats and country fools, 316”"
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/buddhist/project-gutenberg/buddhist-birth-stories-volume-1-rhys-davids.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; short quotation used.
- id: ev:18
  type: summary
  locator: lines 13645, 13674-13675
  quote_or_summary: The index lists Æsop, Arabian Nights, and Arabian story-books.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/buddhist/project-gutenberg/buddhist-birth-stories-volume-1-rhys-davids.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:19
  type: summary
  locator: lines 13701, 13712, 13733
  quote_or_summary: The index lists Barlaam and Josaphat, Babrius the Greek fabulist,
    and Berachia as author of a Hebrew storybook.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/buddhist/project-gutenberg/buddhist-birth-stories-volume-1-rhys-davids.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:20
  type: summary
  locator: lines 13733-13736, 13793
  quote_or_summary: The index lists Bidpai the Bactrian fabulist and Bodisat as Josaphat.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/buddhist/project-gutenberg/buddhist-birth-stories-volume-1-rhys-davids.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:21
  type: summary
  locator: line 13748
  quote_or_summary: The index lists the Buddha’s begging bowl with page references.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/buddhist/project-gutenberg/buddhist-birth-stories-volume-1-rhys-davids.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:22
  type: summary
  locator: line 13829
  quote_or_summary: The index lists a wishing cup.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/buddhist/project-gutenberg/buddhist-birth-stories-volume-1-rhys-davids.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:23
  type: summary
  locator: lines 13755, 13703, 13834-13838
  quote_or_summary: The index lists brass ornaments and water-pots, bells, and several
    named dāgabas including the Dāgaba of the Diadem and of the Hair-relics.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/buddhist/project-gutenberg/buddhist-birth-stories-volume-1-rhys-davids.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:24
  type: summary
  locator: lines 13651, 13698, 13714, 13730
  quote_or_summary: The index identifies Ajita, Arindama, Atideva, and Atula as figures
    associated with the Bodisat designation.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/buddhist/project-gutenberg/buddhist-birth-stories-volume-1-rhys-davids.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:25
  type: summary
  locator: line 13828
  quote_or_summary: The index lists golden cucumbers.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/buddhist/project-gutenberg/buddhist-birth-stories-volume-1-rhys-davids.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:26
  type: citation
  locator: passage label supplied for lines 13610-13947
  quote_or_summary: The passage label supplied in the record identifies preceding
    closures as the story of the bull who won the bet and the story of the wise bird
    and the fools.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/buddhist/project-gutenberg/buddhist-birth-stories-volume-1-rhys-davids.md
  rights_note: Metadata supplied with extraction request; cited, not quoted from passage
    body.
confidence:
  extraction: medium
  motif_candidates: low
  comparison_claims: uncertain
  notes: The extractable content is chiefly an index rather than a narrative passage.
    Figures, symbols, and motifs are based on index headings and supplied locator
    labels, so motif interpretation remains tentative.
reviewer_status:
  status: needs_review
  reviewer: ''
  reviewed_at: ''
  notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
  No comparison claims were added because the passage lists cross-cultural references but does not itself establish a specific motif comparison in this excerpt.
  batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
  custom_id=motif_extract:buddhist-jataka-birth-stories-rhys-davids-gutenberg__l13610-l13947
  passage_sha256=75aed683cbc4f5a82f0f0d103b1f4473e1705f66a2b0d82bdf8d93f7aead132b