Comparative mythology corpus

batch.motif.buddhist-jataka-birth-stories-rhys-davids-gutenberg-l10450-l10575

batch.motif.buddhist-jataka-birth-stories-rhys-davids-gutenberg-l10450-l10575

---
record_id: batch.motif.buddhist-jataka-birth-stories-rhys-davids-gutenberg-l10450-l10575
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/buddhist/project-gutenberg/buddhist-birth-stories-volume-1-rhys-davids.md
passage_locator:
  label: END OF THE STORY OF THE DART OF LOVE. / END OF THE STORY OF THE SWIFT ANTELOPE.
    / END OF THE STORY OF THE DEER WHO WOULD NOT LEARN. / END OF THE STORY ON FOOD
    OFFERED TO THE DEAD.; lines 10450-10575
  start: '10450'
  end: '10575'
  translation: Buddhist birth stories; or, Jataka tales, Volume 1
  notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
    human review required.
canonical_text:
  quote: ''
  summary: 'The Bodisat makes canes hollow by solemnly appealing to the Ten Great
    Perfections and commanding all canes around a pond to be perforated. Monkeys then
    drink safely through the canes, escaping a water-demon. The Teacher identifies
    the figures of the former birth. A second Jātaka begins: monks discuss Devadatta’s
    attempts to kill the Teacher; the Teacher says Devadatta tried the same in a former
    life. In the tale, the Bodisat is a Kurunga antelope who detects a hunter hidden
    in a fruit tree, avoids the trap, warns the hunter of hellish consequences, and
    escapes.'
  language: English
  quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
  text: The Bodisat has a Naḷa-cane brought to him, appeals solemnly to the Ten Great
    Perfections, blows into the cane, and the cane becomes hollow throughout.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:2
  text: The Bodisat commands that all canes growing around the pond be perforated
    throughout, and the passage states that this command is fulfilled.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:3
  text: The hollow canes around the pond are listed among four Kalpa-lasting Wonders.
  category: attribute
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:4
  text: The Bodisat and eighty thousand monkeys each take a cane, sit around the pond,
    and drink water safely through the canes from the bank.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:5
  text: The water-demon fails to get any of the monkeys into his power when they drink
    and returns sorrowfully to his own place.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:6
  text: The Teacher identifies the water-demon as Devadatta, the eighty thousand monkeys
    as the Buddha’s retinue, and the monkey king as himself in a former birth.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:7
  text: Monks discuss Devadatta’s wickedness and list attempts involving archers,
    a rock, and the elephant Dhanapālaka.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:8
  text: The Teacher says Devadatta had formerly gone about to slay him and had been
    unsuccessful.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: obs:9
  text: In the former tale, the Bodisat becomes a Kurunga antelope living in a forest
    and feeding on fruits.
  category: attribute
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: obs:10
  text: A deerstalker observes deer tracks at fruit trees, builds a platform above,
    and wounds deer with a javelin when they come to eat fruit.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: obs:11
  text: The Bodisat antelope pauses at a distance and reconnoitres instead of going
    hastily to the foot of the tree.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: obs:12
  text: The hunter throws down fruit so that it falls in front of the antelope.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: obs:13
  text: The antelope infers that a hunter must be in the tree, discerns him, and speaks
    as if addressing the tree about its changed fruit-falling behavior.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: obs:14
  text: The hunter hurls his javelin at the antelope and says he has lost him this
    time.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
- id: obs:15
  text: The Bodisat antelope says the hunter has not escaped the hells and torments
    resulting from his conduct, then escapes.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
figures:
- id: fig:1
  name_or_label: Bodisat as monkey king
  description: The Bodisat in the Naḷapāna story, identified by the Teacher as the
    monkey king, clever in resource.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  - role:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
- id: fig:2
  name_or_label: Eighty thousand monkeys
  description: The troop who each take canes and drink safely from the pond; identified
    as the Buddha’s retinue.
  role_refs:
  - role:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
- id: fig:3
  name_or_label: Water-demon
  description: A being at the pond who fails to get the monkeys into his power; identified
    as Devadatta.
  role_refs:
  - role:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
- id: fig:4
  name_or_label: Teacher
  description: The Teacher who gives the discourse, connects the former birth, and
    introduces the Kurunga-miga Jātaka in response to the monks.
  role_refs:
  - role:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
- id: fig:5
  name_or_label: Devadatta
  description: Named by the monks as attempting to slay the Sage and identified in
    the prior story with the water-demon.
  role_refs:
  - role:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
- id: fig:6
  name_or_label: Monks or mendicants
  description: The assembled monks who discuss Devadatta’s wickedness in the lecture
    hall.
  role_refs:
  - role:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: fig:7
  name_or_label: Brahma-datta
  description: King reigning in Benares at the time of the Kurunga antelope tale.
  role_refs:
  - role:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: fig:8
  name_or_label: Bodisat as Kurunga antelope
  description: The Bodisat in antelope form, living in the forest, feeding on fruits,
    detecting the hunter’s trap, and escaping.
  role_refs:
  - role:2
  - role:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
  - ev:9
- id: fig:9
  name_or_label: Deerstalker or hunter
  description: A village deerstalker who hides on a platform in a fruit tree with
    a javelin to wound deer, then throws fruit and hurls the javelin at the Bodisat
    antelope.
  role_refs:
  - role:4
  - role:9
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
  - ev:9
roles:
- id: role:1
  label: miracle-working leader
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: He makes canes hollow, commands all canes around the pond to be perforated,
    and leads the monkeys in drinking safely.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:3
- id: role:2
  label: resourceful Bodisat
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  - fig:8
  basis: The monkey king is called clever in resource, and the antelope avoids the
    hidden hunter by observation and inference.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
- id: role:3
  label: protected troop
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  basis: The eighty thousand monkeys drink from the bank through canes and are not
    taken by the water-demon.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: role:4
  label: hostile antagonist
  assigned_to:
  - fig:3
  - fig:5
  - fig:9
  basis: The water-demon tries to get the drinkers into his power, Devadatta is described
    as trying to slay the Sage, and the hunter tries to kill the antelope.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:5
  - ev:9
- id: role:5
  label: narrating interpreter
  assigned_to:
  - fig:4
  basis: The Teacher explains the former command, connects the figures of the Jātaka,
    and introduces the former-life tale.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:6
- id: role:6
  label: audience and question occasion
  assigned_to:
  - fig:6
  basis: The monks’ conversation about Devadatta occasions the Teacher’s story.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
- id: role:7
  label: background king
  assigned_to:
  - fig:7
  basis: Brahma-datta is named as reigning in Benares when the tale occurs.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: role:8
  label: intended prey who escapes
  assigned_to:
  - fig:8
  basis: The hunter prepares to kill deer at the tree, but the antelope detects the
    danger and escapes.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
  - ev:9
- id: role:9
  label: deceptive trap-setter
  assigned_to:
  - fig:9
  basis: The hunter hides on a platform and throws fruit down to draw the antelope
    nearer.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
symbols:
- id: sym:1
  label: hollow Naḷa-cane
  literal_form: Naḷa-cane made hollow throughout and used as a drinking tube
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:3
- id: sym:2
  label: pond water
  literal_form: water in the pond, drunk through canes from the bank
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  taxonomy_refs:
  - water
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: sym:3
  label: Kalpa-lasting Wonders
  literal_form: four enduring marvels, including the hare in the moon, a fire-extinguished
    place, an arid potter’s place, and hollow canes around the pond
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  taxonomy_refs:
  - fire
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: sym:4
  label: Sepaṇṇi fruit tree
  literal_form: fruit-bearing Sepaṇṇi tree where the hunter hides and the antelope
    seeks food
  associated_figures:
  - fig:8
  - fig:9
  taxonomy_refs:
  - tree
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
- id: sym:5
  label: hunter’s platform
  literal_form: platform built on the tree above the deer tracks
  associated_figures:
  - fig:9
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: sym:6
  label: javelin
  literal_form: weapon carried and hurled by the hunter
  associated_figures:
  - fig:9
  - fig:8
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  - ev:9
- id: sym:7
  label: hells and torments
  literal_form: eight Great Hells, sixteen Ussada Hells, and fivefold bondage and
    torment named as the result of the hunter’s conduct
  associated_figures:
  - fig:8
  - fig:9
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
scenes:
- id: scene:1
  label: Bodisat makes the canes hollow
  summary: The Bodisat appeals to the Ten Great Perfections, blows into canes, and
    commands all canes around the pond to be perforated throughout.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: scene:2
  label: Kalpa-lasting Wonders are enumerated
  summary: The passage lists four miracles lasting through the Kalpa, including the
    hollow canes around the pond.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  - sym:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: scene:3
  label: Monkeys drink safely and the water-demon fails
  summary: The Bodisat and eighty thousand monkeys drink pond water through canes
    while sitting safely on the bank; the water-demon fails to seize them and leaves
    in sorrow.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  - sym:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: scene:4
  label: Teacher connects the Naḷapāna Jātaka figures
  summary: The Teacher identifies the water-demon as Devadatta, the monkeys as the
    Buddha’s retinue, and the monkey king as himself.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  - fig:5
  symbol_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: scene:5
  label: Monks discuss Devadatta and the Teacher frames a former-life tale
  summary: The monks discuss Devadatta’s attempts to kill the Sage; the Teacher says
    Devadatta also tried unsuccessfully in a former time.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:4
  - fig:5
  - fig:6
  symbol_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
- id: scene:6
  label: Hunter waits in the Sepaṇṇi tree
  summary: In the former tale, the Bodisat is a Kurunga antelope. A hunter builds
    a platform in the Sepaṇṇi tree and waits with a javelin after observing the antelope’s
    tracks.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:8
  - fig:9
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:4
  - sym:5
  - sym:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: scene:7
  label: Antelope detects the trap and rejects the fruit
  summary: The hunter throws fruit down, but the antelope infers danger, sees the
    hunter, and announces that it will seek food elsewhere.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:8
  - fig:9
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: scene:8
  label: Javelin misses and the antelope warns of karmic punishment
  summary: The hunter hurls his javelin and admits losing the antelope; the antelope
    warns him of hells and torments resulting from his conduct and escapes.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:8
  - fig:9
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:6
  - sym:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
  label: resourceful wisdom averts danger
  taxonomy_refs:
  - wisdom
  basis: The monkey king devises a safe way for the troop to drink, and the antelope
    uses careful observation and inference to avoid the hunter’s trap.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:3
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
  - ev:9
  confidence: high
  cautions: The two episodes are adjacent in the passage but belong to separate Jātaka
    stories.
- id: motif:2
  label: former-life antagonist repeats hostility
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: The Teacher states that Devadatta formerly tried to slay him, and the narrative
    presents a prior-life attempt by a hunter against the Bodisat antelope.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
  - ev:9
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The identity connection for the Kurunga tale is introduced here but the
    full concluding identification is not included in the supplied passage.
- id: motif:3
  label: miraculous transformation of natural objects by Bodisat command
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: The Bodisat’s appeal to perfections and command cause all canes around the
    pond to become hollow throughout and remain a Kalpa-lasting Wonder.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  confidence: high
  cautions: No matching supplied taxonomy family directly names this motif.
- id: motif:4
  label: moral consequence announced as hell punishment
  taxonomy_refs:
  - divine_judgment
  basis: The antelope warns the hunter that hells, bondage, and torment are the result
    of his conduct.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The passage frames this as consequence of conduct; it does not depict
    an actual judgment scene.
comparison_claims:
- id: claim:1
  claim: The passage explicitly compares Devadatta’s present attempts to slay the
    Teacher with a former-life pattern of the same hostile function.
  claim_level: same_function
  target: Devadatta as recurring antagonist toward the Bodisat/Teacher across Jātaka
    framing and former-life tale
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
  counter_evidence_refs: []
  confidence: high
  limitations: This is an internal Jātaka comparison supplied by the passage, not
    an external historical or cross-cultural comparison.
- id: claim:2
  claim: The Naḷapāna conclusion identifies the water-demon with Devadatta, presenting
    the demon’s opposition to the monkey king as a former-life analogue of Devadatta’s
    antagonism.
  claim_level: same_function
  target: water-demon in former birth and Devadatta in the Teacher’s present narrative
    frame
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
  counter_evidence_refs: []
  confidence: high
  limitations: The claim is limited to the figures explicitly identified in the passage.
evidence:
- id: ev:1
  type: summary
  locator: lines 10450-10462
  quote_or_summary: The Bodisat appeals to the Ten Great Perfections, blows into Naḷa-canes
    so they become hollow, and commands all canes around the pond to be perforated
    throughout.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/buddhist/project-gutenberg/buddhist-birth-stories-volume-1-rhys-davids.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; short summary used.
- id: ev:2
  type: summary
  locator: lines 10464-10473
  quote_or_summary: Four Kalpa-lasting Wonders are listed, including the sign of the
    hare in the moon, a place where fire was extinguished, an arid potter’s place,
    and the hollow canes around the pond.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/buddhist/project-gutenberg/buddhist-birth-stories-volume-1-rhys-davids.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; short summary used.
- id: ev:3
  type: summary
  locator: lines 10475-10484
  quote_or_summary: The Bodisat and eighty thousand monkeys drink water through canes
    while seated safely on the bank; the water-demon fails to gain power over them
    and returns sorrowfully.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/buddhist/project-gutenberg/buddhist-birth-stories-volume-1-rhys-davids.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; short summary used.
- id: ev:4
  type: summary
  locator: lines 10486-10492
  quote_or_summary: The Teacher says the water-demon was Devadatta, the eighty thousand
    monkeys were the Buddha’s retinue, and the clever monkey king was himself.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/buddhist/project-gutenberg/buddhist-birth-stories-volume-1-rhys-davids.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; short summary used.
- id: ev:5
  type: summary
  locator: lines 10499-10512
  quote_or_summary: At Jetavana, monks discuss Devadatta’s wickedness, including suborned
    archers, a hurled rock, and the elephant Dhanapālaka as attempts to slay the Sage.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/buddhist/project-gutenberg/buddhist-birth-stories-volume-1-rhys-davids.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; short summary used.
- id: ev:6
  type: quote
  locator: lines 10514-10517
  quote_or_summary: "“Not now only, O mendicants, has Devadatta gone about to slay
    me; formerly, too, he did the same, and was unsuccessful in his endeavour.”"
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/buddhist/project-gutenberg/buddhist-birth-stories-volume-1-rhys-davids.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; brief quotation used.
- id: ev:7
  type: summary
  locator: lines 10521-10541
  quote_or_summary: When Brahma-datta reigns in Benares, the Bodisat is a Kurunga
    antelope eating fruit; a deerstalker tracks deer, builds a platform in the fruit
    tree, waits with a javelin, and the antelope pauses to reconnoitre for danger.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/buddhist/project-gutenberg/buddhist-birth-stories-volume-1-rhys-davids.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; short summary used.
- id: ev:8
  type: summary
  locator: lines 10543-10564
  quote_or_summary: The hunter throws fruit down in front of the antelope; the antelope
    infers that a hunter is above, discerns him, addresses the tree about its abnormal
    fruit-falling, and says he will go elsewhere.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/buddhist/project-gutenberg/buddhist-birth-stories-volume-1-rhys-davids.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; short summary used.
- id: ev:9
  type: summary
  locator: lines 10566-10575
  quote_or_summary: The hunter hurls his javelin and says he has lost the antelope;
    the Bodisat replies that the hunter has not escaped the hells and torments resulting
    from his conduct, then escapes.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/buddhist/project-gutenberg/buddhist-birth-stories-volume-1-rhys-davids.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; short summary used.
confidence:
  extraction: high
  motif_candidates: medium
  comparison_claims: high
  notes: Passage is explicit about actions, identities in the Naḷapāna conclusion,
    and the recurring-antagonist frame. Motif labels are cautious and limited to supplied
    taxonomy where supported.
reviewer_status:
  status: needs_review
  reviewer: ''
  reviewed_at: ''
  notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
  Used only supplied passage text and metadata. The locator label appears broader than the passage content; extraction reflects the provided passage only.
  batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
  custom_id=motif_extract:buddhist-jataka-birth-stories-rhys-davids-gutenberg__l10450-l10575
  passage_sha256=bd8a9b789d9862243b38c8d8696071900108345dcbce0f90ff708bec01cc06ed