Comparative mythology corpus

batch.motif.islamicate-folklore-arabian-nights-lang-gutenberg-l573-l688

batch.motif.islamicate-folklore-arabian-nights-lang-gutenberg-l573-l688

---
record_id: batch.motif.islamicate-folklore-arabian-nights-lang-gutenberg-l573-l688
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamicate-folklore/project-gutenberg/arabian-nights-lang.md
passage_locator:
  label: The Arabian Nights Entertainments; lines 573-688
  start: '573'
  end: '688'
  translation: The Arabian Nights Entertainments
  notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
    human review required.
canonical_text:
  quote: ''
  summary: A man recounts how his enchanted son, appearing as a calf, was spared from
    sacrifice, restored to human form by a steward’s magic-knowing daughter using
    water and words, and how the wife who caused the transformations was changed into
    a hind. The genius grants part of the merchant’s punishment in exchange for the
    tale. A second old man then begins a story identifying two black dogs as his brothers
    and describing their mercantile misfortunes and his aid to them.
  language: English
  quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
  text: A fat calf is brought for sacrifice and behaves as if pleading for its life
    at the old man’s feet.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:2
  text: The old man refuses to sacrifice the calf despite his wife’s insistence that
    this particular calf be killed.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:3
  text: The steward reports that his daughter knows magic and recognized the calf
    as the master’s son, while identifying the previously sacrificed cow as the son’s
    mother.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:4
  text: The steward’s daughter says the master’s wife caused the mother and son to
    be changed because she hated them.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:5
  text: The steward’s daughter agrees to restore the son on condition that he marry
    her and that she be allowed to punish the woman who transformed him.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:6
  text: The young woman uses a vessel of water and words the narrator does not understand,
    throws the water over the calf, and the calf becomes a young man again.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:7
  text: Before the marriage, the young woman changes the old man’s wife into a hind.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: obs:8
  text: The genius grants the first old man a third part of the merchant’s punishment
    because of the tale.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: obs:9
  text: The second old man says the two black dogs are his brothers and begins recounting
    their inheritance, trade, travel, losses, and his financial aid to them.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
  - ev:9
figures:
- id: fig:1
  name_or_label: first old man
  description: Narrator of the calf, hind, wife, and son episode; master and father
    of the transformed son.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  - role:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:3
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
- id: fig:2
  name_or_label: calf / son
  description: The old man’s son, appearing first as a calf and later restored to
    the form of a young man.
  role_refs:
  - role:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:3
  - ev:5
- id: fig:3
  name_or_label: wife / hind
  description: The old man’s wife, accused of causing transformations; later changed
    into a hind.
  role_refs:
  - role:3
  - role:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  - ev:6
- id: fig:4
  name_or_label: steward
  description: Servant who brings and leads away the calf, then reports his daughter’s
    knowledge to the old man.
  role_refs:
  - role:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
- id: fig:5
  name_or_label: steward’s daughter
  description: A young woman who knows magic, identifies the enchantment, restores
    the son, and changes the wife into a hind.
  role_refs:
  - role:6
  - role:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
- id: fig:6
  name_or_label: son’s mother / cow
  description: The son’s mother, described as having been changed into a cow and sacrificed
    the previous day.
  role_refs:
  - role:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: fig:7
  name_or_label: genius
  description: Listener and judge who grants portions of the merchant’s punishment
    in response to the old men’s tales.
  role_refs:
  - role:9
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
- id: fig:8
  name_or_label: merchant
  description: Person whose punishment is being apportioned by the genius.
  role_refs:
  - role:10
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
- id: fig:9
  name_or_label: second old man
  description: Man leading two black dogs who begins a tale about himself and his
    two brothers.
  role_refs:
  - role:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
  - ev:9
- id: fig:10
  name_or_label: eldest brother / black dog
  description: One of the second old man’s brothers, identified with one of the black
    dogs; he travels for merchandise and returns destitute.
  role_refs:
  - role:11
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
  - ev:9
- id: fig:11
  name_or_label: second brother / black dog
  description: Another brother of the second old man, associated with the two black
    dogs; he later travels and returns in the same destitute state.
  role_refs:
  - role:11
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
  - ev:9
roles:
- id: role:1
  label: father and master
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: He calls the restored young man his son and is called master by the steward’s
    daughter.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:5
- id: role:2
  label: transformed family member
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  - fig:6
  basis: The son is identified as a calf, and his mother is said to have been sacrificed
    as a cow.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: role:3
  label: accused transformer
  assigned_to:
  - fig:3
  basis: The steward’s daughter says the master’s wife wrought the changes.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: role:4
  label: punished transformed wife
  assigned_to:
  - fig:3
  basis: The wife is changed into a hind after the son is restored.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: role:5
  label: informer and servant
  assigned_to:
  - fig:4
  basis: The steward handles the calf and privately brings news from his daughter
    to the master.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
- id: role:6
  label: magic-knowing rescuer
  assigned_to:
  - fig:5
  basis: She knows magic, identifies the enchantment, and restores the son by water
    and words.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:5
- id: role:7
  label: storyteller petitioner
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  - fig:9
  basis: The first old man’s tale wins part of the punishment; the second old man
    asks for the same after telling his story.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
- id: role:8
  label: punisher
  assigned_to:
  - fig:5
  basis: She requests permission to punish the woman and later changes her into a
    hind.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:6
- id: role:9
  label: supernatural judge
  assigned_to:
  - fig:7
  basis: The genius decides whether a tale merits granting part of the merchant’s
    punishment.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
- id: role:10
  label: punishment subject
  assigned_to:
  - fig:8
  basis: The genius grants portions of the merchant’s punishment to the old men.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
- id: role:11
  label: brother transformed or associated with black dog form
  assigned_to:
  - fig:10
  - fig:11
  basis: The second old man identifies the two black dogs as his brothers.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
symbols:
- id: sym:1
  label: water used in restoration
  literal_form: vessel of water thrown over the calf after spoken words
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  - fig:5
  taxonomy_refs:
  - water
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: sym:2
  label: animal transformation forms
  literal_form: calf, cow, hind, and black dogs as forms connected to human family
    members
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  - fig:6
  - fig:10
  - fig:11
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:6
  - ev:8
- id: sym:3
  label: sacrifice animal
  literal_form: calf selected for sacrifice and cow sacrificed the previous day
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  - fig:6
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
scenes:
- id: scene:1
  label: The calf pleads and is spared
  summary: A calf, later identified as the old man’s son, is brought for sacrifice,
    acts pitiably, and is spared by the old man despite the wife’s objections.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:2
  - sym:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
- id: scene:2
  label: The enchantment is revealed
  summary: The steward reports that his magic-knowing daughter recognized the calf
    as the master’s son and the sacrificed cow as the son’s mother, attributing the
    changes to the master’s wife.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  - fig:5
  - fig:6
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:2
  - sym:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: scene:3
  label: Restoration by water and words
  summary: The steward’s daughter sets conditions, uses water and unintelligible words,
    and restores the calf to young-man form.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:5
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  - sym:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
- id: scene:4
  label: The wife becomes a hind
  summary: Before the marriage, the steward’s daughter changes the wife into a hind,
    and the old man keeps her with the family in that form.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:3
  - fig:5
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: scene:5
  label: Tale exchanged for mitigation
  summary: The genius judges the first tale marvelous and grants a third part of the
    merchant’s punishment; the second old man asks for the same condition before beginning
    his own tale.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:7
  - fig:8
  - fig:9
  symbol_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
- id: scene:6
  label: The second old man’s brothers and losses
  summary: The second old man identifies the two black dogs as his brothers and describes
    how his brothers entered trade, traveled, lost their goods, and were helped by
    him.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:9
  - fig:10
  - fig:11
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
  - ev:9
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
  label: human changed into animal and restored by magic
  taxonomy_refs:
  - shapeshifter
  basis: The son is a calf, his mother was a cow, the wife becomes a hind, and the
    second old man identifies black dogs as brothers; the son is restored to human
    form through magical action.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
  - ev:8
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage depicts imposed enchantment and restoration rather than voluntary
    shapeshifting.
- id: motif:2
  label: sacrificial animal revealed as kin
  taxonomy_refs:
  - sacrifice
  basis: The calf chosen for sacrifice is identified as the old man’s son, and the
    cow sacrificed the previous day is identified as the son’s mother.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:3
  confidence: high
  cautions: The taxonomy ref is broad; the passage’s specific pattern is enchanted
    kin in sacrificial animal form.
- id: motif:3
  label: rescue granted through conditional marriage and punishment
  taxonomy_refs:
  - sacred_exchange
  basis: The magic-knowing daughter restores the son only after the father agrees
    that the son will marry her and that she may punish the transformer.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The exchange is explicit but not described as sacred; taxonomy fit is
    functional and should be reviewed.
- id: motif:4
  label: story wins mitigation from a supernatural judge
  taxonomy_refs:
  - sacred_exchange
  basis: The old man’s marvelous tale causes the genius to grant a third part of the
    merchant’s punishment, and the second old man requests a similar grant for his
    tale.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The passage supports tale-for-mercy exchange, but the taxonomy ref is
    broad.
comparison_claims: []
evidence:
- id: ev:1
  type: summary
  locator: 573-579
  quote_or_summary: A fat calf is brought; it tries to break its cord, comes to the
    narrator, and throws itself at his feet as if begging for its life.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamicate-folklore/project-gutenberg/arabian-nights-lang.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summary supplied.
- id: ev:2
  type: summary
  locator: 583-594
  quote_or_summary: The narrator tells the steward to spare the calf and bring another;
    his wife insists that only this calf be sacrificed, but he refuses.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamicate-folklore/project-gutenberg/arabian-nights-lang.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summary supplied.
- id: ev:3
  type: summary
  locator: 596-617
  quote_or_summary: The steward says his daughter knows magic; she recognized the
    calf as the master’s son, said the son’s mother had been sacrificed as a cow,
    and attributed the changes to the master’s wife.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamicate-folklore/project-gutenberg/arabian-nights-lang.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summary supplied.
- id: ev:4
  type: summary
  locator: 619-630
  quote_or_summary: 'The steward’s daughter says she can restore the son on two conditions:
    marriage to him and permission to punish the woman who transformed him; the father
    agrees but asks that the woman’s life be spared.'
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamicate-folklore/project-gutenberg/arabian-nights-lang.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summary supplied.
- id: ev:5
  type: summary
  locator: 632-638
  quote_or_summary: The young woman takes a vessel of water, speaks words the narrator
    does not understand, throws the water over the calf, and he immediately becomes
    a young man again.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamicate-folklore/project-gutenberg/arabian-nights-lang.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summary supplied.
- id: ev:6
  type: summary
  locator: 640-647
  quote_or_summary: The restored son agrees to marry the maiden; before the marriage
    she changes the narrator’s wife into a hind, which remains with the family.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamicate-folklore/project-gutenberg/arabian-nights-lang.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summary supplied.
- id: ev:7
  type: summary
  locator: 649-653
  quote_or_summary: The narrator says he is searching for his widowed son and traveling
    with his wife as a hind; the genius calls the tale marvelous and grants a third
    part of the merchant’s punishment.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamicate-folklore/project-gutenberg/arabian-nights-lang.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summary supplied.
- id: ev:8
  type: summary
  locator: 655-668
  quote_or_summary: The second old man, leading two black dogs, asks the genius to
    grant him a third part of the merchant’s punishment if his story is more astonishing;
    he begins by saying the two black dogs are his brothers.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamicate-folklore/project-gutenberg/arabian-nights-lang.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summary supplied.
- id: ev:9
  type: summary
  locator: 668-688
  quote_or_summary: The second old man recounts that three brothers inherited money
    and became merchants; the eldest traveled, returned destitute, and was given half
    the narrator’s doubled capital; later the second brother also traveled, returned
    ruined, and received money to reopen his shop.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamicate-folklore/project-gutenberg/arabian-nights-lang.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summary supplied.
confidence:
  extraction: high
  motif_candidates: medium
  comparison_claims: high
  notes: Literal extraction is strongly supported by the passage. Motif taxonomy assignments
    are broad and require review, especially where the available taxonomy does not
    include a precise ‘enchanted animal kin’ category.
reviewer_status:
  status: needs_review
  reviewer: ''
  reviewed_at: ''
  notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-29'
notes: |-
  No comparison claims were added because the passage itself does not explicitly support comparison to another named text, tradition, or motif family beyond the supplied taxonomy labels used as candidate motifs.
  batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
  custom_id=motif_extract:islamicate-folklore-arabian-nights-lang-gutenberg__l573-l688
  passage_sha256=05ea4bcdc763d975656b71f2cd5483ab2f881fcad969b21747986143bbb85567