Comparative mythology corpus

batch.motif.islamicate-folklore-arabian-nights-lang-gutenberg-l4276-l4375

batch.motif.islamicate-folklore-arabian-nights-lang-gutenberg-l4276-l4375

---
record_id: batch.motif.islamicate-folklore-arabian-nights-lang-gutenberg-l4276-l4375
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamicate-folklore/project-gutenberg/arabian-nights-lang.md
passage_locator:
  label: The Arabian Nights Entertainments; lines 4276-4375
  start: '4276'
  end: '4375'
  translation: The Arabian Nights Entertainments
  notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
    human review required.
canonical_text:
  quote: ''
  summary: Sindbad escapes the Old Man of the Sea by causing him to drink strong wine,
    reaches mariners, learns of the monster's reputation, travels to a stone-built
    town, gathers coconuts by provoking monkeys to throw them, trades for goods and
    pearls, returns to Bagdad wealthy, gives alms and a gift to Hindbad, then begins
    the account of his sixth voyage, which leads by storm and current to a fatal mountain
    where the ship is wrecked.
  language: English
  quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
  text: The old monster drinks the contents of a gourd after seeing the narrator carry
    him more lightly than usual.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:2
  text: After drinking strong wine, the old monster's grip loosens and the narrator
    throws him to the ground, where he does not move again.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:3
  text: Mariners identify the being as the Old Man of the Sea and say he has strangled
    others upon whose shoulders he perched.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:4
  text: The mariners say the island is known for the Old Man of the Sea's evil deeds
    and that sailors avoid straying far from companions there.
  category: setting
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:5
  text: A friendly merchant gives Sindbad lodging, a sack, provisions, and directions
    to follow a party of similarly equipped men.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
- id: obs:6
  text: The merchant warns Sindbad that straying from the group would endanger his
    life.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:7
  text: The coconut palms are described as very tall, slender, smooth, and difficult
    to climb.
  category: attribute
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:8
  text: Monkeys in the crowns of the palms throw coconuts at the humans after the
    humans throw stones at them.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:9
  text: The thrown coconuts fill the men's sacks with fruit they could not otherwise
    have obtained.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:10
  text: Sindbad sells his share, continues the occupation until he earns money, then
    sails with coconuts and trades them for pepper and aloes wood.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: obs:11
  text: Sindbad goes pearl-fishing with merchants, gains many large pearls, returns
    to Bagdad, sells his treasures, and gives a tenth part to the poor.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: obs:12
  text: Sindbad gives Hindbad one hundred sequins after ending the story, and begins
    the account of his sixth voyage after the next day's feast.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: obs:13
  text: Sindbad says that despite earlier shipwrecks and dangers, his fate was to
    rove, and he prepares a sixth voyage after a year of repose.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: obs:14
  text: Stormy weather drives the ship off course until captain and pilot do not know
    their location or destination.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
- id: obs:15
  text: A current carries the ship rapidly toward a mountain rising sheer from the
    sea, where the vessel is broken on rocks.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
- id: obs:16
  text: The captain tells the survivors to begin digging graves because no shipwrecked
    mariner has returned from that place.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
figures:
- id: fig:1
  name_or_label: Sindbad
  description: First-person narrator who escapes the Old Man of the Sea, joins merchants,
    returns to Bagdad with wealth, and begins recounting a sixth voyage.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  - role:5
  - role:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:3
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
  - ev:9
- id: fig:2
  name_or_label: Old Man of the Sea
  description: An old monster with a tight leg-grip who perches on victims' shoulders
    and is said to strangle those he captures.
  role_refs:
  - role:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
- id: fig:3
  name_or_label: mariners at the island
  description: Sailors who have anchored for fruit and water, hear Sindbad's story,
    identify the Old Man of the Sea, and take Sindbad aboard.
  role_refs:
  - role:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
- id: fig:4
  name_or_label: friendly merchant
  description: A merchant who befriends Sindbad, shows him lodging, gives him a sack
    and provisions, advises him, and buys his share of coconuts.
  role_refs:
  - role:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
  - ev:6
- id: fig:5
  name_or_label: coconut-gathering companions
  description: A party equipped with sacks who collect stones and provoke monkeys
    to throw coconuts.
  role_refs:
  - role:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
- id: fig:6
  name_or_label: monkeys in the cocoa-palms
  description: Big and little monkeys that move among the palm crowns and throw nuts
    at the humans after being pelted with stones.
  role_refs:
  - role:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: fig:7
  name_or_label: sixth-voyage captain
  description: Captain of the ship from a distant Indian port who recognizes the dangerous
    current and later tells the survivors that no mariner has returned from the fatal
    place.
  role_refs:
  - role:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
  - ev:9
  - ev:10
- id: fig:8
  name_or_label: Hindbad
  description: Recipient of one hundred sequins after Sindbad ends the preceding story.
  role_refs:
  - role:9
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: fig:9
  name_or_label: guests
  description: Audience at Sindbad's feast who withdraw after the story and return
    before the sixth voyage is narrated.
  role_refs:
  - role:10
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
roles:
- id: role:1
  label: narrating survivor
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: Sindbad narrates his escape, travels, trading success, return to Bagdad,
    and renewed voyaging.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:6
  - ev:8
- id: role:2
  label: monstrous shoulder-riding captor
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  basis: The being grips Sindbad with its legs and is identified by mariners as a
    strangler who perches on shoulders.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
- id: role:3
  label: rescuers and informants
  assigned_to:
  - fig:3
  basis: The mariners hear Sindbad's story, explain the danger of the island, and
    take him aboard their ship.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
- id: role:4
  label: merchant-helper
  assigned_to:
  - fig:4
  basis: The merchant provides lodging, supplies, instructions, and later buys Sindbad's
    coconut share.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
  - ev:6
- id: role:5
  label: human harvesters
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  - fig:5
  basis: Sindbad and the party fill sacks with coconuts by provoking the monkeys.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: role:6
  label: animal responders
  assigned_to:
  - fig:6
  basis: The monkeys retaliate against thrown stones by casting nuts at the humans.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: role:7
  label: captain and doom-announcer
  assigned_to:
  - fig:7
  basis: The captain recognizes the destructive current and later declares that no
    shipwrecked mariner has returned from the spot.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
  - ev:10
- id: role:8
  label: restless voyager
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: Sindbad says fate made him rove and that he undertook a sixth voyage despite
    warnings from friends and relations.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: role:9
  label: gift recipient
  assigned_to:
  - fig:8
  basis: Sindbad orders one hundred sequins to be given to Hindbad.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: role:10
  label: feast audience
  assigned_to:
  - fig:9
  basis: The guests withdraw after one story and are present for the next day's feast
    before the sixth voyage begins.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
symbols:
- id: sym:1
  label: gourd of strong wine
  literal_form: gourd containing strong wine
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: sym:2
  label: island of the Old Man of the Sea
  literal_form: island known as the scene of the Old Man of the Sea's evil deeds
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  taxonomy_refs:
  - water
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: sym:3
  label: coconut palms
  literal_form: very tall, smooth, slender cocoa-palms bearing coconuts
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:5
  - fig:6
  taxonomy_refs:
  - tree
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: sym:4
  label: thrown stones and thrown coconuts
  literal_form: stones cast by humans and coconuts cast back by monkeys
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:5
  - fig:6
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: sym:5
  label: trading goods and pearls
  literal_form: coconuts, pepper, aloes wood, and large pearls
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: sym:6
  label: tenth part given to the poor
  literal_form: one-tenth portion of money given as alms
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  taxonomy_refs:
  - sacred_exchange
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: sym:7
  label: fatal sea-current
  literal_form: current sweeping the ship toward destruction
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:7
  taxonomy_refs:
  - water
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
- id: sym:8
  label: mountain rising from the sea
  literal_form: mountain rising sheer out of the sea with rocks at its base
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:7
  taxonomy_refs:
  - mountain
  - water
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
- id: sym:9
  label: graves at the fatal shore
  literal_form: graves the survivors are told to begin digging
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:7
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
scenes:
- id: scene:1
  label: Escape from the Old Man of the Sea
  summary: The old monster drinks strong wine from a gourd, his leg-grip loosens,
    and Sindbad throws him down and escapes toward the shore.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: scene:2
  label: Rescue and explanation by mariners
  summary: Mariners find Sindbad, identify his captor as the Old Man of the Sea, describe
    the island's danger, and take him aboard their ship.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
- id: scene:3
  label: Arrival at the stone-built trading town
  summary: Sindbad reaches a prosperous stone-built town, receives lodging and supplies
    from a friendly merchant, and is directed to join sack-bearing companions.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:4
  - fig:5
  symbol_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
- id: scene:4
  label: Coconut harvest by monkey retaliation
  summary: The men throw stones at monkeys in tall palms, and the monkeys respond
    by throwing coconuts, filling the men's sacks.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:5
  - fig:6
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:3
  - sym:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: scene:5
  label: Trade, pearls, return, and alms
  summary: Sindbad earns money with coconuts, trades for pepper and aloes wood, gains
    pearls, returns to Bagdad, sells his treasures, and gives a tenth to the poor.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:4
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:5
  - sym:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: scene:6
  label: Transition to the sixth voyage
  summary: After the story, Sindbad gives Hindbad one hundred sequins, the guests
    depart, and he begins the sixth voyage narrative at the next feast.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:8
  - fig:9
  symbol_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: scene:7
  label: Renewed departure despite warnings
  summary: Sindbad states that his fate was to rove and that he prepared a sixth voyage
    despite friends and relations urging him to remain at home.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  symbol_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: scene:8
  label: Storm, fatal current, and shipwreck at the mountain
  summary: A storm drives the ship off course, a current carries it toward a mountain
    rising from the sea, the ship breaks on the rocks, and the captain declares the
    place inescapable.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:7
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:7
  - sym:8
  - sym:9
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
  - ev:10
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
  label: Escape from a monstrous captor through intoxication
  taxonomy_refs:
  - trickster_boundary
  basis: Sindbad uses strong wine in a gourd; after the Old Man drinks it, the captor's
    grip loosens and Sindbad escapes.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The passage presents a practical stratagem rather than explicitly naming
    a trickster figure or ritual boundary-crossing.
- id: motif:2
  label: Dangerous island inhabited by a strangling monster
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: Mariners identify the Old Man of the Sea as a being who perches on shoulders
    and strangles victims, and they describe the island as known for his evil deeds.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  confidence: high
  cautions: No broader taxonomy reference is directly supplied for this specific monster
    type.
- id: motif:3
  label: Animal retaliation used as a harvesting method
  taxonomy_refs:
  - trickster_boundary
  basis: Humans pelt monkeys with stones so that the monkeys retaliate by throwing
    down coconuts, allowing the sacks to be filled.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The scene is a clever harvesting episode; the taxonomy reference is broad
    and should be reviewed.
- id: motif:4
  label: Perilous travel followed by profitable return and almsgiving
  taxonomy_refs:
  - return
  - sacred_exchange
  basis: Sindbad returns to Bagdad with trade goods and pearls, sells them for large
    sums, and gives a tenth part to the poor.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The almsgiving is explicit, but the passage does not frame it as a sacred
    covenant or formal ritual exchange.
- id: motif:5
  label: Restless departure after repose
  taxonomy_refs:
  - departure
  basis: After a year of rest, Sindbad prepares a sixth voyage despite prior shipwrecks
    and the entreaties of friends and relations.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
  confidence: high
  cautions: This is a narrative departure motif within the voyage cycle, not a standalone
    mythic departure scene.
- id: motif:6
  label: Ship driven by storm and current to a fatal mountain
  taxonomy_refs:
  - departure
  - mountain
  - water
  basis: Storms drive the ship off course; a current sweeps it toward a mountain rising
    from the sea where the vessel is wrecked.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
  - ev:10
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The mountain and current are literal hazards in the passage; any cosmological
    reading would require external evidence not present here.
comparison_claims: []
evidence:
- id: ev:1
  type: summary
  locator: 4276-4285
  quote_or_summary: The old monster drinks from the gourd, becomes affected by strong
    wine, loosens his leg-grip, and Sindbad throws him to the ground before running
    to the shore.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamicate-folklore/project-gutenberg/arabian-nights-lang.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:2
  type: summary
  locator: 4286-4294
  quote_or_summary: Mariners say Sindbad fell into the hands of the Old Man of the
    Sea, who has strangled others, and that the island is known for his evil deeds.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamicate-folklore/project-gutenberg/arabian-nights-lang.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:3
  type: summary
  locator: 4294-4304
  quote_or_summary: The mariners take Sindbad aboard, sail to a prosperous stone-built
    town, and a friendly merchant gives him lodging and a sack.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamicate-folklore/project-gutenberg/arabian-nights-lang.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:4
  type: summary
  locator: 4305-4312
  quote_or_summary: The merchant tells Sindbad to go with sack-bearing companions,
    do as they do, and avoid losing sight of them because straying would endanger
    his life.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamicate-folklore/project-gutenberg/arabian-nights-lang.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:5
  type: summary
  locator: 4312-4330
  quote_or_summary: The group seeks coconuts from tall smooth palms; monkeys in the
    crowns are provoked with stones and retaliate by throwing nuts, filling the sacks.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamicate-folklore/project-gutenberg/arabian-nights-lang.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:6
  type: summary
  locator: 4331-4346
  quote_or_summary: Sindbad sells coconuts, continues earning, sails to trade coconuts
    for pepper and aloes wood, gains pearls, returns to Bagdad, sells his treasures,
    and gives a tenth to the poor.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamicate-folklore/project-gutenberg/arabian-nights-lang.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:7
  type: summary
  locator: 4347-4352
  quote_or_summary: Sindbad ends the story, orders one hundred sequins for Hindbad,
    the guests withdraw, and after the next day's feast he begins the sixth voyage.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamicate-folklore/project-gutenberg/arabian-nights-lang.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:8
  type: summary
  locator: 4353-4363
  quote_or_summary: Sindbad reflects that he again tempted fortune after five shipwrecks,
    says it was his fate to rove, and embarks from a distant Indian port despite pleas
    to stay home.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamicate-folklore/project-gutenberg/arabian-nights-lang.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:9
  type: summary
  locator: 4363-4372
  quote_or_summary: Stormy weather drives the ship off course; the captain realizes
    they are in a dangerous spot, a current sweeps them toward a mountain, and the
    ship is dashed on rocks after the people scramble ashore with valuables.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamicate-folklore/project-gutenberg/arabian-nights-lang.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:10
  type: summary
  locator: 4372-4375
  quote_or_summary: The captain tells the survivors to begin digging graves because
    no shipwrecked mariner has ever returned from the fatal spot, and the group laments.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamicate-folklore/project-gutenberg/arabian-nights-lang.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
confidence:
  extraction: high
  motif_candidates: medium
  comparison_claims: uncertain
  notes: Literal extraction is based directly on the supplied passage. Motif labels
    are provisional and use only broad available taxonomy references where they are
    plausibly supported.
reviewer_status:
  status: needs_review
  reviewer: ''
  reviewed_at: ''
  notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-29'
notes: |-
  No comparison claims were added because the passage itself does not explicitly compare these events to another tradition or motif family beyond its own narrative sequence.
  batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
  custom_id=motif_extract:islamicate-folklore-arabian-nights-lang-gutenberg__l4276-l4375
  passage_sha256=b721e29c0779772ac3eca68a08db852e3926f89b474b1cfe451f028d92e7e027