batch.motif.roman-aeneid-mackail-gutenberg-l7844-l7942
---
record_id: batch.motif.roman-aeneid-mackail-gutenberg-l7844-l7942
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/roman/project-gutenberg/aeneid-mackail.md
passage_locator:
label: BOOK ELEVENTH / THE COUNCIL OF THE LATINS, AND THE LIFE AND DEATH OF CAMILLA
/ BOOK TWELFTH / THE SLAYING OF TURNUS; lines 7844-7942
start: '7844'
end: '7942'
translation: The Aeneid of Virgil
notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
human review required.
canonical_text:
quote: '"let Teucrian and Rutulian arms have rest, and our blood decide the war"'
summary: Turnus, urged toward single combat after the Latins falter, rejects Latinus'
and Amata's pleas, sends a challenge to Aeneas for a duel to decide the war and
Lavinia's marriage, and arms himself with horses, armor, a divine sword, and Actor's
spear.
language: English
quote_policy: quoted
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
text: Turnus sees the Latins broken, his promise claimed for fulfilment, and men's
eyes fixed on him.
category: setting
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: obs:2
text: The narrator compares Turnus' rising passion to a wounded lion that breaks
a weapon and roars with a blood-stained mouth.
category: attribute
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: obs:3
text: Turnus asks Latinus to bring holy things and swear the treaty, proposing that
either he kill the Dardanian opponent or Aeneas rule and marry Lavinia.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: obs:4
text: Latinus replies calmly, reminding Turnus of his own realm, captured towns,
available noble maidens, and an oracle against marrying Lavinia to former wooers.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: obs:5
text: Latinus says he broke obligations concerning Lavinia and that calamities,
wars, warm blood in the Tiber, and bones on the plain followed.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: obs:6
text: Latinus asks Turnus to consider war's changing fortune and pity his aged father
Daunus in Ardea.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: obs:7
text: Turnus rejects the counsel and asks to be allowed to purchase honour with
death.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: obs:8
text: Turnus says Aeneas' goddess mother will be far away and unable to cover his
flight with a cloud or empty phantom.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: obs:9
text: Amata weeps, clings to Turnus, asks him not to fight the Teucrians, and says
she will leave life with him if he dies.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- id: obs:10
text: Lavinia hears her mother's words tearfully and blushes; Turnus looks at her,
is stirred by love, and burns more fiercely for arms.
category: sequence
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- id: obs:11
text: Turnus tells Amata not to weep and instructs Idmon to carry a message to Aeneas
that at dawn both armies should rest while their blood decides the war and Lavinia's
marriage.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- id: obs:12
text: Turnus goes home, orders out his horses, and looks on them rejoicingly; the
horses are described as gifts of Orithyia to Pilumnus, white as snow and swift
as gales.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- id: obs:13
text: Turnus arms himself with a gold and mountain-bronze corslet, sword, shield,
and scarlet-plumed helmet-spikes.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- id: obs:14
text: The sword is described as forged by the divine Lord of Fire for Daunus and
dipped glowing in the Stygian wave.
category: object
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- id: obs:15
text: Turnus seizes Actor the Auruncan's spear, invokes it as never having failed
him, and asks it to help strike down the Phrygian.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:9
- id: obs:16
text: After invoking the spear, Turnus' face is described with leaping sparks and
fire-flashing eyes, and he is compared to a bull testing its horns before battle.
category: attribute
evidence_refs:
- ev:10
figures:
- id: fig:1
name_or_label: Turnus
description: Rutulian warrior and suitor of Lavinia who insists on single combat,
rejects pleas, and arms for battle.
role_refs:
- role:1
- role:6
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:2
- ev:4
- ev:5
- ev:6
- ev:7
- ev:8
- ev:9
- ev:10
- id: fig:2
name_or_label: Latinus
description: King who counsels Turnus against the duel and speaks of Lavinia, the
oracle, war losses, and political consequences.
role_refs:
- role:2
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- ev:3
- id: fig:3
name_or_label: Aeneas / Dardanian / Phrygian monarch
description: Turnus' named opponent in the proposed duel; presented in Turnus' speech
as the one who may rule and marry Lavinia if victorious.
role_refs:
- role:3
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- ev:4
- ev:6
- ev:9
- id: fig:4
name_or_label: Lavinia
description: Latinus' daughter, whose marriage is to be decided by the outcome of
the combat; she reacts tearfully and blushes.
role_refs:
- role:4
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- ev:5
- ev:6
- id: fig:5
name_or_label: Amata
description: Queen and Lavinia's mother, who weeps, clings to Turnus, and begs him
not to fight.
role_refs:
- role:5
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- id: fig:6
name_or_label: Idmon
description: Messenger instructed by Turnus to carry the challenge to Aeneas.
role_refs:
- role:7
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- id: fig:7
name_or_label: Daunus
description: Turnus' father, associated with a realm and with the sword forged for
him by the Lord of Fire.
role_refs:
- role:8
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- ev:8
- id: fig:8
name_or_label: Aeneas' goddess mother
description: Divine mother mentioned by Turnus as one who will not be near to hide
Aeneas' flight.
role_refs:
- role:9
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: fig:9
name_or_label: Orithyia
description: Divine or mythic giver of the horses to Pilumnus.
role_refs:
- role:10
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- id: fig:10
name_or_label: Pilumnus
description: Recipient of the horses said to have been given by Orithyia.
role_refs:
- role:11
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- id: fig:11
name_or_label: Divine Lord of Fire
description: Divine smith who forged the sword for Daunus and dipped it in the Stygian
wave.
role_refs:
- role:12
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- id: fig:12
name_or_label: Actor the Auruncan
description: Former owner of the spear that Turnus seizes as spoil.
role_refs:
- role:13
evidence_refs:
- ev:9
roles:
- id: role:1
label: challenging champion
assigned_to:
- fig:1
basis: Turnus proposes that single combat and his own blood decide the war and Lavinia's
marriage.
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- ev:6
- id: role:2
label: counseling king and father of the bride
assigned_to:
- fig:2
basis: Latinus urges restraint, invokes Lavinia's marriage, the oracle, political
losses, and Turnus' father.
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: role:3
label: opponent in single combat
assigned_to:
- fig:3
basis: Turnus addresses Aeneas as the Dardanian or Phrygian opponent who is to fight
him for victory and Lavinia.
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- ev:6
- ev:9
- id: role:4
label: contested bride
assigned_to:
- fig:4
basis: Lavinia's marriage is explicitly tied to the duel's outcome.
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- ev:6
- id: role:5
label: pleading queen and mother
assigned_to:
- fig:5
basis: Amata weeps, clings to Turnus, and speaks of Lavinia and her own fate.
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- id: role:6
label: armed warrior preparing for battle
assigned_to:
- fig:1
basis: Turnus orders horses, puts on armor, takes the sword and spear, and is compared
to a bull before battle.
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- ev:8
- ev:9
- ev:10
- id: role:7
label: message-bearer
assigned_to:
- fig:6
basis: Turnus commands Idmon to bear his harsh message to Aeneas.
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- id: role:8
label: absent father
assigned_to:
- fig:7
basis: Latinus asks Turnus to pity his aged father Daunus; the sword was made for
Daunus.
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- ev:8
- id: role:9
label: divine mother
assigned_to:
- fig:8
basis: Turnus refers to Aeneas' goddess mother as a potential protector who will
be absent.
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: role:10
label: mythic donor
assigned_to:
- fig:9
basis: Orithyia is named as the giver of the horses to Pilumnus.
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- id: role:11
label: recipient of mythic horses
assigned_to:
- fig:10
basis: Pilumnus is named as the recipient of the horses from Orithyia.
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- id: role:12
label: divine weapon-smith
assigned_to:
- fig:11
basis: The Lord of Fire forged the sword for Daunus and dipped it in the Stygian
wave.
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- id: role:13
label: former weapon owner
assigned_to:
- fig:12
basis: Actor the Auruncan is named as the original owner of the spear Turnus takes
as spoil.
evidence_refs:
- ev:9
symbols:
- id: sym:1
label: oath objects and treaty
literal_form: holy things brought for swearing the treaty before single combat
associated_figures:
- fig:1
- fig:2
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: sym:2
label: blood as war-decision
literal_form: blood in wounds, Tiber, and the proposed duel deciding the war
associated_figures:
- fig:1
- fig:3
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- ev:4
- ev:6
- id: sym:3
label: fire imagery
literal_form: unappeasable flame, blushing fire, divine Lord of Fire, sparks, and
eyes flashing fire
associated_figures:
- fig:1
- fig:4
- fig:11
taxonomy_refs:
- fire
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:5
- ev:8
- ev:10
- id: sym:4
label: mythic horses
literal_form: horses given by Orithyia to Pilumnus, white as snow and swift as gales
associated_figures:
- fig:1
- fig:9
- fig:10
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- id: sym:5
label: divinely forged sword
literal_form: sword forged by the divine Lord of Fire for Daunus
associated_figures:
- fig:1
- fig:7
- fig:11
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- id: sym:6
label: Stygian wave
literal_form: underworld-associated wave in which the glowing sword is dipped
associated_figures:
- fig:7
- fig:11
taxonomy_refs:
- water
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- id: sym:7
label: Actor's spear
literal_form: spear taken as spoil from Actor the Auruncan and invoked by Turnus
associated_figures:
- fig:1
- fig:12
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:9
- id: sym:8
label: animal combat similes
literal_form: wounded lion and pre-battle bull used to describe Turnus' battle passion
associated_figures:
- fig:1
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:10
scenes:
- id: scene:1
label: Turnus demands oath-bound single combat
summary: After seeing the Latins broken and the promise required of him, Turnus
compares in fury to a wounded lion and asks Latinus to bring sacred objects for
a treaty, saying the duel will determine Aeneas' rule and Lavinia's marriage.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:2
- fig:3
- fig:4
symbol_refs:
- sym:1
- sym:2
- sym:3
- sym:8
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:2
- id: scene:2
label: Latinus counsels against the duel
summary: Latinus warns Turnus that he has his own realm and other marriage options,
recounts the oracle and the disastrous war, and asks him to consider Daunus and
the consequences of his death.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:2
- fig:4
- fig:7
symbol_refs:
- sym:2
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: scene:3
label: Turnus rejects counsel and invokes death-honour
summary: Turnus refuses Latinus' caution, asks to buy honour with death, asserts
his own power to wound, and dismisses Aeneas' divine maternal protection.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:3
- fig:8
symbol_refs:
- sym:2
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: scene:4
label: Amata's plea and Lavinia's blush
summary: Amata begs Turnus not to fight and binds her fate to his; Lavinia hears
and blushes, and Turnus, moved by love, becomes more eager for arms.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:4
- fig:5
symbol_refs:
- sym:3
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- id: scene:5
label: Message sent to Aeneas
summary: Turnus tells Amata not to weep and directs Idmon to tell Aeneas that at
dawn the armies should rest while the two champions' blood decides the war and
Lavinia's marriage.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:3
- fig:4
- fig:5
- fig:6
symbol_refs:
- sym:2
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- id: scene:6
label: Turnus arms for battle
summary: Turnus prepares his horses and armor, takes a sword forged by the Lord
of Fire and dipped in the Stygian wave, seizes Actor's spear, invokes it, and
appears like a bull before combat.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:7
- fig:9
- fig:10
- fig:11
- fig:12
symbol_refs:
- sym:3
- sym:4
- sym:5
- sym:6
- sym:7
- sym:8
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- ev:8
- ev:9
- ev:10
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
label: single combat to decide war and marriage
taxonomy_refs:
- royal_legitimacy
basis: Turnus repeatedly frames the duel with Aeneas as the means by which the war,
rule, and Lavinia's marriage will be decided.
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- ev:6
confidence: high
cautions: The available taxonomy lacks a direct duel motif; royal legitimacy is
inferred only from rule and marriage stakes stated in the passage.
- id: motif:2
label: oath-bound treaty before combat
taxonomy_refs:
- covenant
basis: Turnus asks for holy things and a sworn treaty before the proposed combat.
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
confidence: high
cautions: The passage gives the ritual preparation but not the full treaty ceremony.
- id: motif:3
label: royal marriage alliance constrained by oracle
taxonomy_refs:
- royal_legitimacy
basis: Latinus says divine and human oracles prevented marriage to old wooers, and
that breaking this constraint led to war; Lavinia's marriage remains tied to rulership
and alliance.
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- ev:3
- ev:6
confidence: medium
cautions: The oracle is reported in Latinus' speech rather than narrated as a separate
prophetic scene.
- id: motif:4
label: divine or underworld-tempered weapon
taxonomy_refs: []
basis: Turnus' sword is said to have been forged by the divine Lord of Fire for
Daunus and dipped glowing in the Stygian wave.
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
confidence: high
cautions: No matching available motif-family taxonomy reference is provided for
divine weapons.
- id: motif:5
label: divine parent as protector of warrior child
taxonomy_refs:
- divine_parent_child
basis: Turnus refers to Aeneas' goddess mother and the possibility of her concealing
him in a cloud or phantom hiding.
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
confidence: medium
cautions: This is a hostile claim in Turnus' speech, not an action performed within
the passage.
- id: motif:6
label: heroic arming before decisive battle
taxonomy_refs: []
basis: Turnus prepares horses, armor, divine sword, shield, helmet, and spear immediately
before the anticipated duel.
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- ev:8
- ev:9
- ev:10
confidence: high
cautions: No matching available taxonomy reference is supplied for an arming scene.
comparison_claims: []
evidence:
- id: ev:1
type: summary
locator: lines 7848-7855
quote_or_summary: Turnus sees the Latins broken and his promise demanded; his passion
is compared to a wounded lion roaring with a blood-stained mouth.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/roman/project-gutenberg/aeneid-mackail.md
rights_note: Public domain source metadata; summarized evidence.
- id: ev:2
type: quote
locator: lines 7857-7862
quote_or_summary: Turnus asks for holy things and a sworn treaty, saying either
he will hurl the Dardanian to hell or Aeneas may rule and Lavinia pass to his
espousal.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/roman/project-gutenberg/aeneid-mackail.md
rights_note: Public domain source metadata; short excerpt/summarized evidence.
- id: ev:3
type: summary
locator: lines 7864-7885
quote_or_summary: Latinus counsels Turnus, cites his realm and other possible brides,
reports the oracle against Lavinia's old wooers, admits breaking obligations,
describes war losses, and asks him to pity Daunus.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/roman/project-gutenberg/aeneid-mackail.md
rights_note: Public domain source metadata; summarized evidence.
- id: ev:4
type: summary
locator: lines 7887-7895
quote_or_summary: Turnus is not bent by Latinus' words; he asks to purchase honour
with death and says Aeneas' goddess mother will not hide him in cloud or phantom.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/roman/project-gutenberg/aeneid-mackail.md
rights_note: Public domain source metadata; summarized evidence.
- id: ev:5
type: summary
locator: lines 7897-7911
quote_or_summary: Amata weeps and clings to Turnus, begging him not to fight and
saying she will die with him; Lavinia tearfully blushes, and Turnus burns more
fiercely for arms.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/roman/project-gutenberg/aeneid-mackail.md
rights_note: Public domain source metadata; summarized evidence.
- id: ev:6
type: quote
locator: lines 7913-7919
quote_or_summary: 'Turnus orders Idmon to tell Aeneas that at dawn both armies should
rest: "our blood decide the war; on that field let Lavinia be sought in marriage."'
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/roman/project-gutenberg/aeneid-mackail.md
rights_note: Public domain source metadata; short excerpt.
- id: ev:7
type: summary
locator: lines 7921-7926
quote_or_summary: Turnus returns home, orders out horses, and sees horses said to
have been given by Orithyia to Pilumnus, white as snow and swift as gales.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/roman/project-gutenberg/aeneid-mackail.md
rights_note: Public domain source metadata; summarized evidence.
- id: ev:8
type: summary
locator: lines 7927-7930
quote_or_summary: Turnus girds on a corslet, sword, shield, and helmet; the sword
was forged by the divine Lord of Fire for Daunus and dipped glowing in the Stygian
wave.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/roman/project-gutenberg/aeneid-mackail.md
rights_note: Public domain source metadata; summarized evidence.
- id: ev:9
type: summary
locator: lines 7931-7936
quote_or_summary: Turnus seizes the spear taken from Actor the Auruncan, invokes
it as never failing him, and asks it to help strike down the Phrygian.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/roman/project-gutenberg/aeneid-mackail.md
rights_note: Public domain source metadata; summarized evidence.
- id: ev:10
type: summary
locator: lines 7937-7941
quote_or_summary: Turnus' face sparks and his eyes flash fire; he is compared to
a bull bellowing, testing its horns, and scattering sand before battle.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/roman/project-gutenberg/aeneid-mackail.md
rights_note: Public domain source metadata; summarized evidence.
confidence:
extraction: high
motif_candidates: medium
comparison_claims: uncertain
notes: The main figures, actions, and objects are explicit in the passage. Motif
labels are cautious because the supplied taxonomy does not include direct categories
for duel, arming scene, or divine weapon. No comparison claims were added because
the passage itself does not make an external comparative claim.
reviewer_status:
status: needs_review
reviewer: ''
reviewed_at: ''
notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
Used only the provided passage and metadata. Literal observations are separated from motif interpretation; taxonomy refs are limited to supplied available refs where applicable.
batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
custom_id=motif_extract:roman-aeneid-mackail-gutenberg__l7844-l7942
passage_sha256=78e07cb426929edb80db606956370f5d648e9133dd16877f43d59153041ff102