Comparative mythology corpus

batch.motif.roman-aeneid-mackail-gutenberg-l741-l795

batch.motif.roman-aeneid-mackail-gutenberg-l741-l795

---
record_id: batch.motif.roman-aeneid-mackail-gutenberg-l741-l795
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/roman/project-gutenberg/aeneid-mackail.md
passage_locator:
  label: PREFACE / THE AENEID / BOOK FIRST / THE COMING OF AENEAS TO CARTHAGE; lines
    741-795
  start: '741'
  end: '795'
  translation: The Aeneid of Virgil
  notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
    human review required.
canonical_text:
  quote: ''
  summary: Venus causes Ascanius to sleep and removes him while Cupid, obeying her,
    goes in Ascanius' likeness with gifts to Dido's banquet. Dido receives Aeneas
    and the Trojans, presides over a feast, and is gradually inflamed with love through
    Cupid's touch. The banquet includes handwashing, food, wine, libation, prayers
    to Jupiter, Bacchus, and Juno, a shared cup, and Iopas' cosmic song. Dido then
    asks Aeneas to recount the Greeks' treachery, the Trojans' sufferings, and his
    wanderings.
  language: English
  quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
  text: Love obeys his mother's words, lays aside his wings, and walks with Iülus'
    tread.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:2
  text: Venus pours slumber on Ascanius, carries him in her lap, and places him in
    her Idalian groves among fragrant blossoms.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:3
  text: Cupid goes with Achates and the royal gifts for the Tyrians.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:4
  text: Dido sits on a golden throne beneath splendid tapestries while Aeneas and
    the Trojans recline at the feast.
  category: setting
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:5
  text: Servants wash hands, serve grain, provide napkins, maintain stores, kindle
    fire, and set food and wine cups on the board.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:6
  text: The Tyrians marvel at Aeneas' gifts, at Iülus, at the god's shining face and
    crafted speech, and at the decorated mantle and veil.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:7
  text: Dido is stirred by the boy and the gifts, gazes, and metaphorically takes
    fire.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:8
  text: Cupid moves from Aeneas to Dido; Dido fondles him in her lap, unaware that
    a deity is entering her breast.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:9
  text: Cupid begins to efface Sychaeus from Dido's heart and to sow a new living
    love there.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:10
  text: Dido fills a jewelled golden cup with wine, invokes Jupiter as lawgiver of
    hospitality, Bacchus, and Juno, pours a libation, drinks, and passes the cup to
    Bitias and the other princes.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: obs:11
  text: Iopas plays a gilded lyre and sings Atlas-taught songs about celestial motions,
    origins of beings, water and fire, stars, and seasonal changes.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: obs:12
  text: Dido spends the night asking about Trojan figures and asks Aeneas to tell
    of Greek treachery, Trojan woes, and his seven years of wandering over earth and
    sea.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
figures:
- id: fig:1
  name_or_label: Love / Cupid
  description: A deity who obeys his mother, lays aside his wings, walks with Iülus'
    tread, goes with the gifts, and works love into Dido.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  - role:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:5
- id: fig:2
  name_or_label: Venus / Acidalian mother
  description: Cupid's mother; she causes Ascanius to sleep and carries him to her
    Idalian groves.
  role_refs:
  - role:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:5
- id: fig:3
  name_or_label: Ascanius / Iülus
  description: Aeneas' child whose tread Cupid imitates; he is lulled to sleep and
    removed by Venus.
  role_refs:
  - role:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:4
- id: fig:4
  name_or_label: Dido / the queen / Phoenician
  description: Queen seated at the banquet; she receives gifts and guests, is affected
    by Cupid, performs libation, and asks Aeneas for his story.
  role_refs:
  - role:5
  - role:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
  - ev:8
- id: fig:5
  name_or_label: Aeneas
  description: Lord of the Trojans, guest at Dido's banquet, embraced by Cupid, and
    asked to recount Trojan sufferings and his wanderings.
  role_refs:
  - role:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:5
  - ev:8
- id: fig:6
  name_or_label: Achates
  description: Guide accompanying Cupid with the royal gifts for the Tyrians.
  role_refs:
  - role:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: fig:7
  name_or_label: Tyrians
  description: People gathered in the feasting chamber who take appointed places and
    applaud Iopas' song.
  role_refs:
  - role:9
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:7
- id: fig:8
  name_or_label: Trojans / men of Troy
  description: Aeneas' companions who recline at the feast and applaud after Iopas'
    song.
  role_refs:
  - role:10
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:7
- id: fig:9
  name_or_label: Servants, handmaids, and pages
  description: Attendants who wash hands, serve food, maintain stores, kindle fire,
    and set food and wine cups.
  role_refs:
  - role:11
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: fig:10
  name_or_label: Bitias
  description: A prince who receives Dido's cup and drains the foaming wine.
  role_refs:
  - role:12
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: fig:11
  name_or_label: Iopas
  description: Long-haired singer who plays a gilded lyre and performs songs taught
    by Atlas.
  role_refs:
  - role:13
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: fig:12
  name_or_label: Jupiter
  description: Invoked by Dido as reputed lawgiver of hospitality.
  role_refs:
  - role:14
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: fig:13
  name_or_label: Bacchus
  description: Invoked by Dido as giver of gladness.
  role_refs:
  - role:14
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: fig:14
  name_or_label: Juno
  description: Invoked by Dido as bountiful.
  role_refs:
  - role:14
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: fig:15
  name_or_label: Atlas
  description: Named as the ancient teacher of Iopas' songs.
  role_refs:
  - role:15
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
roles:
- id: role:1
  label: impersonating divine agent
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: Cupid goes in Iülus' tread, hides his divine identity, and acts on Dido.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:5
- id: role:2
  label: child of a goddess
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: Love obeys his dear mother's words and is later mindful of his mother the
    Acidalian.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:5
- id: role:3
  label: divine mother and arranger
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  basis: Venus directs Cupid and removes Ascanius by causing him to sleep.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: role:4
  label: sleeping displaced child
  assigned_to:
  - fig:3
  basis: Ascanius is lulled by Venus and carried away while Cupid takes on Iülus'
    tread.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: role:5
  label: host queen
  assigned_to:
  - fig:4
  basis: Dido sits centrally, presides over the banquet, calls for the cup, and performs
    the libation.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:6
- id: role:6
  label: recipient of induced love
  assigned_to:
  - fig:4
  basis: Cupid sinks into her breast and sows living love in her heart.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: role:7
  label: honored guest and narrator-to-be
  assigned_to:
  - fig:5
  basis: Aeneas reclines at the feast and is asked to tell the story of Greek treachery,
    Trojan woes, and his wanderings.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:8
- id: role:8
  label: guide of the gift-bearer
  assigned_to:
  - fig:6
  basis: Cupid goes in Achates' guiding with the royal gifts.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: role:9
  label: banquet hosts or local participants
  assigned_to:
  - fig:7
  basis: The Tyrians gather in the feasting chamber and are addressed by Dido in her
    prayer.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:6
- id: role:10
  label: guest company
  assigned_to:
  - fig:8
  basis: The men of Troy gather and recline at Dido's feast.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: role:11
  label: banquet attendants
  assigned_to:
  - fig:9
  basis: They perform service tasks including handwashing, food service, keeping stores,
    kindling fire, and arranging cups.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: role:12
  label: ritual drink participant
  assigned_to:
  - fig:10
  basis: Bitias receives and drains the foaming cup after Dido's libation.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: role:13
  label: bard of cosmic knowledge
  assigned_to:
  - fig:11
  basis: Iopas sings Atlas-taught songs about cosmic and natural origins.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: role:14
  label: invoked banquet deity
  assigned_to:
  - fig:12
  - fig:13
  - fig:14
  basis: Dido invokes Jupiter, Bacchus, and Juno during the wine rite.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: role:15
  label: teacher of ancient song
  assigned_to:
  - fig:15
  basis: Iopas' songs are said to be ancient songs taught by Atlas.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
symbols:
- id: sym:1
  label: laid-aside wings
  literal_form: Cupid's wings, laid aside before he walks with Iülus' tread
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:3
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: sym:2
  label: sleeping child in Idalian grove
  literal_form: Ascanius lulled by Venus and placed among Idalian groves and odorous
    blossoms
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: sym:3
  label: royal gifts and embroidered garments
  literal_form: Aeneas' gifts, including a mantle and veil wrought with yellow acanthus-flower
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:4
  - fig:5
  - fig:6
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:4
- id: sym:4
  label: golden throne
  literal_form: Dido's golden throne beneath splendid tapestries
  associated_figures:
  - fig:4
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: sym:5
  label: water
  literal_form: Water poured on hands; water also named in Iopas' song of origins
  associated_figures:
  - fig:9
  - fig:11
  taxonomy_refs:
  - water
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:7
- id: sym:6
  label: fire and lights
  literal_form: Household fire, lit lamps, flaming tapers, and fire named in Iopas'
    song
  associated_figures:
  - fig:9
  - fig:11
  taxonomy_refs:
  - fire
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
- id: sym:7
  label: jewelled golden cup and libation wine
  literal_form: Heavy jewelled gold cup filled with wine, used for libation and shared
    drinking
  associated_figures:
  - fig:4
  - fig:10
  - fig:12
  - fig:13
  - fig:14
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: sym:8
  label: gilded lyre
  literal_form: Iopas' gilded lyre used for Atlas-taught song
  associated_figures:
  - fig:11
  - fig:15
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: sym:9
  label: earth and sea of wandering
  literal_form: The earth and sea over which Aeneas has wandered for seven summers
  associated_figures:
  - fig:5
  - fig:4
  taxonomy_refs:
  - water
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
scenes:
- id: scene:1
  label: Venus replaces Ascanius with Cupid
  summary: Venus lulls Ascanius to sleep and carries him away while Cupid adopts Iülus'
    tread and goes toward the Tyrians with gifts.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  - fig:6
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  - sym:2
  - sym:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
- id: scene:2
  label: Dido's banquet reception
  summary: Dido sits on a golden throne, Aeneas and the Trojans recline, attendants
    serve the feast, and Tyrians take their appointed places.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:4
  - fig:5
  - fig:7
  - fig:8
  - fig:9
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:4
  - sym:5
  - sym:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
- id: scene:3
  label: Cupid inflames Dido
  summary: The guests marvel at the gifts and apparent Iülus; Cupid moves from Aeneas
    to Dido and gradually plants love in her heart.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  - fig:5
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  - sym:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
- id: scene:4
  label: Libation and shared cup
  summary: After the banquet, Dido fills a golden cup, invokes gods connected with
    hospitality and gladness, pours a libation, drinks, and passes the cup to Bitias
    and other princes.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:4
  - fig:10
  - fig:12
  - fig:13
  - fig:14
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:6
  - sym:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: scene:5
  label: Iopas' cosmic song
  summary: Iopas performs Atlas-taught songs on a gilded lyre about moon, sun, origins
    of creatures, water, fire, stars, and seasonal timing.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:11
  - fig:15
  - fig:7
  - fig:8
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:5
  - sym:6
  - sym:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: scene:6
  label: Dido asks for Aeneas' story
  summary: Dido continues the night in conversation, asks about Trojan and Greek heroes,
    and requests Aeneas' account of Greek treachery, Trojan suffering, and his wanderings.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:4
  - fig:5
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:9
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
  label: Divine child substitution or impersonation
  taxonomy_refs:
  - shapeshifter
  basis: Cupid lays aside his wings, walks with Iülus' tread, and appears in the role
    of Ascanius while the real Ascanius sleeps elsewhere.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The passage supports impersonation and concealment, but does not explicitly
    describe a full bodily transformation.
- id: motif:2
  label: Divine mother directs child-deity
  taxonomy_refs:
  - divine_parent_child
  basis: Love obeys his mother Venus, and later acts while mindful of his Acidalian
    mother.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:5
  confidence: high
  cautions: The relationship is clear, though the larger divine plan is only partly
    present in this passage.
- id: motif:3
  label: Deity-induced love
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: Cupid, hidden in the boy's role, sinks into Dido's breast, effaces Sychaeus,
    and sows living love in her heart.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  confidence: high
  cautions: This is an episode of supernatural emotional compulsion rather than a
    voluntary courtship motif.
- id: motif:4
  label: Hospitality banquet with gifts, libation, and shared cup
  taxonomy_refs:
  - sacred_exchange
  basis: The passage combines reception of guests, royal gifts, formal feasting, invocation
    of Jupiter as lawgiver of hospitality, libation, and communal drinking.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  - ev:6
  confidence: high
  cautions: The taxonomy label is applied to the ritualized exchange and hospitality
    structure, not to a treaty or covenant.
- id: motif:5
  label: Cosmogonic wisdom song
  taxonomy_refs:
  - wisdom
  basis: Iopas sings ancient songs taught by Atlas about celestial bodies, origins
    of humans and animals, water and fire, stars, and seasonal phenomena.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The song is summarized rather than narrated in detail.
- id: motif:6
  label: Heroic wanderings requested as feast narrative
  taxonomy_refs:
  - departure
  basis: Dido asks Aeneas to recount the Greeks' treachery, Trojan sufferings, and
    his seven summers of wandering over earth and sea.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The passage introduces the travel narrative but does not itself recount
    the departure or journey episodes.
comparison_claims:
- id: claim:1
  claim: The banquet scene functions like a sacred-exchange or ritual-hospitality
    pattern because gifts, guest reception, divine invocation, libation, and cup sharing
    are joined in one sequence.
  claim_level: same_function
  target: sacred_exchange motif family
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  - ev:6
  counter_evidence_refs: []
  confidence: high
  limitations: The passage frames hospitality and feasting, but it does not state
    that a covenant or formal pact is made.
- id: claim:2
  claim: 'Iopas'' performance functions as a wisdom-song pattern: specialized cosmic
    knowledge is transmitted in song and attributed to an ancient teacher, Atlas.'
  claim_level: same_function
  target: wisdom motif family / cosmogonic knowledge song
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  counter_evidence_refs: []
  confidence: medium
  limitations: The content is summarized in catalog form, so detailed doctrinal or
    mythic structure cannot be extracted from this passage alone.
- id: claim:3
  claim: Cupid's replacement of Iülus cautiously resembles an impersonation or shapeshifter
    pattern, since a deity hides his identity and occupies the appearance or social
    place of a child.
  claim_level: same_function
  target: shapeshifter motif family
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:5
  counter_evidence_refs: []
  confidence: medium
  limitations: The passage does not explicitly say Cupid changes shape; it says he
    lays aside wings and walks with Iülus' tread.
evidence:
- id: ev:1
  type: summary
  locator: 741-746
  quote_or_summary: Love obeys his mother, lays aside his wings, walks with Iülus'
    tread; Venus lulls Ascanius and carries him to the Idalian groves.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/roman/project-gutenberg/aeneid-mackail.md
  rights_note: Public domain translation; summarized for extraction.
- id: ev:2
  type: summary
  locator: 747-752
  quote_or_summary: Cupid goes with Achates and royal gifts to the Tyrians; Dido sits
    on a golden throne, and Aeneas and the Trojans recline at the feast.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/roman/project-gutenberg/aeneid-mackail.md
  rights_note: Public domain translation; summarized for extraction.
- id: ev:3
  type: summary
  locator: 753-760
  quote_or_summary: Servants wash hands, serve food, bring napkins; handmaids maintain
    stores and kindle fire; pages load the board and wine cups; Tyrians fill the feasting
    chamber.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/roman/project-gutenberg/aeneid-mackail.md
  rights_note: Public domain translation; summarized for extraction.
- id: ev:4
  type: summary
  locator: 761-767
  quote_or_summary: The Tyrians marvel at Aeneas' gifts, Iülus, the god's face and
    speech, and the decorated mantle and veil; Dido is stirred by the boy and gifts
    and takes fire.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/roman/project-gutenberg/aeneid-mackail.md
  rights_note: Public domain translation; summarized for extraction.
- id: ev:5
  type: summary
  locator: 768-775
  quote_or_summary: Cupid embraces Aeneas, then goes to Dido; she fondles him, unaware
    of the deity, while he effaces Sychaeus and sows living love in her heart.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/roman/project-gutenberg/aeneid-mackail.md
  rights_note: Public domain translation; summarized for extraction.
- id: ev:6
  type: summary
  locator: 776-786
  quote_or_summary: Bowls and wine are set out; lamps and tapers light the hall; Dido
    fills a jewelled golden cup, invokes Jupiter, Bacchus, and Juno, pours libation,
    drinks, and passes the cup to Bitias and other princes.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/roman/project-gutenberg/aeneid-mackail.md
  rights_note: Public domain translation; summarized for extraction.
- id: ev:7
  type: summary
  locator: 787-792
  quote_or_summary: Iopas, on a gilded lyre, sings ancient songs taught by Atlas about
    moon, sun, origins of creatures, water, fire, stars, and seasonal timing; Tyrians
    and Trojans applaud.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/roman/project-gutenberg/aeneid-mackail.md
  rights_note: Public domain translation; summarized for extraction.
- id: ev:8
  type: summary
  locator: 793-795
  quote_or_summary: Dido continues the night in talk, asks about Priam, Hector, Diomede's
    horses, Achilles, and asks Aeneas to tell of Greek treachery, Trojan woes, and
    his seven years of wandering over earth and sea.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/roman/project-gutenberg/aeneid-mackail.md
  rights_note: Public domain translation; summarized for extraction.
confidence:
  extraction: high
  motif_candidates: medium
  comparison_claims: medium
  notes: Literal sequence and figures are directly supported by the passage. Motif
    labels are candidate classifications and require human review, especially shapeshifter
    and departure taxonomy matches.
reviewer_status:
  status: needs_review
  reviewer: ''
  reviewed_at: ''
  notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
  No external comparisons or unsupported taxonomy IDs were added; comparison claims are limited to motif-family functions supported within the supplied passage.
  batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
  custom_id=motif_extract:roman-aeneid-mackail-gutenberg__l741-l795
  passage_sha256=b3bec7281f51df603d70ae53de6479ffa5781de240f373a3afd14dd700596aa2