Comparative mythology corpus

batch.motif.roman-aeneid-mackail-gutenberg-l7020-l7079

batch.motif.roman-aeneid-mackail-gutenberg-l7020-l7079

---
record_id: batch.motif.roman-aeneid-mackail-gutenberg-l7020-l7079
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/roman/project-gutenberg/aeneid-mackail.md
passage_locator:
  label: BOOK NINTH / THE SIEGE OF THE TROJAN CAMP / BOOK TENTH / THE BATTLE ON THE
    BEACH; lines 7020-7079
  start: '7020'
  end: '7079'
  translation: The Aeneid of Virgil
  notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
    human review required.
canonical_text:
  quote: ''
  summary: Mezentius, wounded beside the Tiber, learns that his son Lausus has died.
    He laments, arms himself, speaks to his horse Rhoebus, challenges Aeneas, fights
    him, is thrown when Aeneas kills the horse, and before dying asks for burial and
    union with his son in the tomb.
  language: English
  quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
  text: A wounded father rests by the Tiber river, using water on his wound and leaning
    against a tree-trunk.
  category: setting
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:2
  text: The father repeatedly asks for Lausus and sends people to call him back.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:3
  text: Lausus is carried lifeless on his armour by weeping comrades.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:4
  text: The father soils his gray hair with dust, raises his hands, and clings to
    the dead body.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:5
  text: The father laments that his son received the hostile stroke in his place and
    that he lives by his son's death.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:6
  text: The father orders his horse Rhoebus to be brought despite his wound.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: obs:7
  text: The father tells Rhoebus that the horse will either bring back Aeneas' head
    and spoils or die with him.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: obs:8
  text: The father calls Aeneas three times and Aeneas moves to meet him with a spear.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: obs:9
  text: The mounted father rides in circles around Aeneas and hurls multiple weapons,
    which are stopped by Aeneas' shield.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
- id: obs:10
  text: Aeneas throws his spear at the war-horse, causing it to rear, throw its rider,
    and fall.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
- id: obs:11
  text: The fallen warrior asks Aeneas to allow his body burial and to grant him and
    his son union in the tomb.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
- id: obs:12
  text: The warrior receives the sword in his throat, and his lifeblood spreads over
    his armour.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:12
figures:
- id: fig:1
  name_or_label: Mezentius
  description: A wounded father of Lausus, also called the Tyrrhenian, who fights
    Aeneas and dies after asking for burial with his son.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  - role:2
  - role:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:5
  - ev:11
  - ev:12
- id: fig:2
  name_or_label: Lausus
  description: Mezentius' son, carried lifeless on his armour after being wounded
    to death.
  role_refs:
  - role:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:5
  - ev:11
- id: fig:3
  name_or_label: Aeneas
  description: The Trojan hero challenged by Mezentius; he meets Mezentius in combat,
    strikes the horse Rhoebus, and stands over Mezentius before his death.
  role_refs:
  - role:5
  - role:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
  - ev:10
  - ev:11
- id: fig:4
  name_or_label: Rhoebus
  description: Mezentius' horse, addressed as his long-time companion in war and struck
    by Aeneas in battle.
  role_refs:
  - role:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  - ev:10
- id: fig:5
  name_or_label: weeping comrades
  description: Comrades who carry the lifeless Lausus on his armour.
  role_refs:
  - role:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: fig:6
  name_or_label: Trojans and Latins
  description: Groups whose cries rise when Rhoebus falls and Mezentius is thrown.
  role_refs:
  - role:9
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
roles:
- id: role:1
  label: wounded father
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: He is called the father of Lausus and is wounded while resting near the Tiber.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:5
- id: role:2
  label: grieving survivor
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: He laments living by his son's death and clings to the dead body.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
- id: role:3
  label: fallen combatant requesting burial
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: After being thrown and defeated, he asks Aeneas for sepulture and union with
    his son in the tomb.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
  - ev:12
- id: role:4
  label: dead son
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  basis: Lausus is carried lifeless and is described by his father as having received
    the hostile stroke in his place.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:5
- id: role:5
  label: opposing warrior
  assigned_to:
  - fig:3
  basis: Aeneas answers Mezentius' challenge and moves to meet him in combat.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: role:6
  label: victor granting implied decision over burial
  assigned_to:
  - fig:3
  basis: The defeated Mezentius asks Aeneas, as the victorious enemy, to allow burial.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
- id: role:7
  label: war-horse companion
  assigned_to:
  - fig:4
  basis: Rhoebus is addressed as the horse that had carried Mezentius victoriously
    out of war and is expected either to avenge Lausus or die with him.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: role:8
  label: bearers of the dead
  assigned_to:
  - fig:5
  basis: They carry the lifeless Lausus on his armour.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: role:9
  label: battle witnesses
  assigned_to:
  - fig:6
  basis: Their cries rise when Aeneas strikes the horse and Mezentius is thrown.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
symbols:
- id: sym:1
  label: water at the wound
  literal_form: water from the Tiber used to stanch a wound
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  taxonomy_refs:
  - water
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: sym:2
  label: tree-trunk support
  literal_form: tree-trunk against which the wounded father rests
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  taxonomy_refs:
  - tree
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: sym:3
  label: dust on gray hair
  literal_form: dust placed on gray hair during grief
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: sym:4
  label: armour as bier and bloodied object
  literal_form: Lausus is borne on armour; Mezentius' lifeblood later spreads over
    armour
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:12
- id: sym:5
  label: war-horse
  literal_form: Rhoebus, Mezentius' horse
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:4
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  - ev:10
- id: sym:6
  label: golden shield-boss
  literal_form: boss of gold on which Mezentius' weapons are stayed
  associated_figures:
  - fig:3
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
- id: sym:7
  label: shared tomb
  literal_form: requested burial together of father and son
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
scenes:
- id: scene:1
  label: Wounded father beside the Tiber
  summary: Mezentius rests by the Tiber with his wound, near his helmet and armour,
    while chosen men stand around him and he asks for Lausus.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  - sym:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
- id: scene:2
  label: Lament over Lausus
  summary: Lausus is brought lifeless on his armour; Mezentius mourns over him, blames
    himself, and laments that his son died in his place.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:5
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:3
  - sym:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
- id: scene:3
  label: Return to battle with Rhoebus
  summary: Mezentius has his horse brought, addresses Rhoebus as a longtime companion,
    and rides to seek Aeneas despite his wound.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:4
  - fig:3
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
- id: scene:4
  label: Mounted duel and fall
  summary: Mezentius circles Aeneas and throws weapons, but Aeneas' shield stops them;
    Aeneas then strikes Rhoebus, and the horse throws Mezentius as it falls.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  - fig:6
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:5
  - sym:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
  - ev:10
- id: scene:5
  label: Final request and death
  summary: After falling, Mezentius rejects taunts, asks that his body be buried and
    that he and Lausus be united in the tomb, then dies by the sword.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:4
  - sym:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
  - ev:12
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
  label: father lives by son's sacrificial death
  taxonomy_refs:
  - sacrifice
  - divine_parent_child
  basis: Mezentius explicitly says that Lausus received the hostile stroke in his
    place and that he, the father, is saved by his son's wounds and lives by his death.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The passage presents filial death in battle rather than a formal ritual
    sacrifice; taxonomy alignment is interpretive and needs review.
- id: motif:2
  label: grieving parent returns to battle seeking death or vengeance
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: After lamenting Lausus, Mezentius orders his horse brought, says he will
    avenge Lausus or die, and challenges Aeneas.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
  confidence: high
  cautions: No supplied taxonomy family directly names this martial grief pattern.
- id: motif:3
  label: warrior and war-horse bound in shared fate
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: Mezentius tells Rhoebus that the horse will either bring back Aeneas' spoils
    or die with him, and Aeneas' killing of the horse precipitates Mezentius' fall.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  - ev:10
  confidence: high
  cautions: This is a local narrative pattern rather than a supplied taxonomy category.
- id: motif:4
  label: defeated enemy requests burial
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: The vanquished Mezentius asks Aeneas to allow his body sepulture and to grant
    burial with his son.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage does not state Aeneas' response within the provided range.
- id: motif:5
  label: union of father and son in the tomb
  taxonomy_refs:
  - annihilation_union
  basis: Mezentius asks that he and Lausus be granted union in the tomb.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
  confidence: low
  cautions: The taxonomy reference is tentative; the passage concerns burial union
    after death, not necessarily the broader motif family implied by the taxonomy
    label.
comparison_claims: []
evidence:
- id: ev:1
  type: summary
  locator: 7020-7024
  quote_or_summary: The wounded father is by the Tiber, stanches his wound with water,
    rests against a tree-trunk, with helmet and armour nearby and chosen men around
    him.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/roman/project-gutenberg/aeneid-mackail.md
  rights_note: Public domain translation; summarized.
- id: ev:2
  type: summary
  locator: 7024-7026
  quote_or_summary: He repeatedly asks for Lausus and sends people to call him back
    with a parent's commands.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/roman/project-gutenberg/aeneid-mackail.md
  rights_note: Public domain translation; summarized.
- id: ev:3
  type: summary
  locator: 7026-7028
  quote_or_summary: Lausus is carried lifeless on his armour by weeping comrades,
    mighty and wounded to death.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/roman/project-gutenberg/aeneid-mackail.md
  rights_note: Public domain translation; summarized.
- id: ev:4
  type: summary
  locator: 7028-7030
  quote_or_summary: The father recognizes the lamentation, soils his gray hairs with
    dust, raises both hands, and clings to the dead.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/roman/project-gutenberg/aeneid-mackail.md
  rights_note: Public domain translation; summarized.
- id: ev:5
  type: quote
  locator: 7030-7034
  quote_or_summary: "“Am I, thy father, saved by these wounds of thine, and living
    by thy death?”"
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/roman/project-gutenberg/aeneid-mackail.md
  rights_note: Public domain translation; short excerpt.
- id: ev:6
  type: summary
  locator: 7038-7042
  quote_or_summary: Though his deep wound cripples him, Mezentius raises himself and
    orders his horse to be brought.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/roman/project-gutenberg/aeneid-mackail.md
  rights_note: Public domain translation; summarized.
- id: ev:7
  type: summary
  locator: 7042-7048
  quote_or_summary: Mezentius addresses Rhoebus, saying the horse will either bring
    back Aeneas' gory head and spoils to avenge Lausus, or die with him.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/roman/project-gutenberg/aeneid-mackail.md
  rights_note: Public domain translation; summarized.
- id: ev:8
  type: summary
  locator: 7048-7054
  quote_or_summary: Mezentius rides in with shame, madness, and grief in his heart,
    calls Aeneas three times, and Aeneas moves to meet him with a spear.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/roman/project-gutenberg/aeneid-mackail.md
  rights_note: Public domain translation; summarized.
- id: ev:9
  type: summary
  locator: 7054-7061
  quote_or_summary: Mezentius says he comes to his death, hurls multiple weapons while
    circling Aeneas, and the weapons are stopped by the golden boss of Aeneas' shield.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/roman/project-gutenberg/aeneid-mackail.md
  rights_note: Public domain translation; summarized.
- id: ev:10
  type: summary
  locator: 7061-7068
  quote_or_summary: Aeneas throws his spear at the war-horse between the temples;
    the horse rears, throws its rider, and falls as Trojans and Latins cry out.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/roman/project-gutenberg/aeneid-mackail.md
  rights_note: Public domain translation; summarized.
- id: ev:11
  type: quote
  locator: 7069-7077
  quote_or_summary: "“allow my body sepulture... grant me and my son union in the
    tomb.”"
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/roman/project-gutenberg/aeneid-mackail.md
  rights_note: Public domain translation; short excerpt.
- id: ev:12
  type: summary
  locator: 7077-7079
  quote_or_summary: Mezentius takes the sword in his throat without wavering, and
    his lifeblood spreads over his armour.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/roman/project-gutenberg/aeneid-mackail.md
  rights_note: Public domain translation; summarized.
confidence:
  extraction: high
  motif_candidates: medium
  comparison_claims: high
  notes: The passage is explicit about the sequence of grief, renewed combat, defeat,
    request for burial, and death. Motif taxonomy mapping is more tentative where
    supplied categories do not directly match martial epic patterns.
reviewer_status:
  status: needs_review
  reviewer: ''
  reviewed_at: ''
  notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
  Used only the supplied passage and metadata; no comparison claims added because the passage itself does not support external comparison.
  batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
  custom_id=motif_extract:roman-aeneid-mackail-gutenberg__l7020-l7079
  passage_sha256=f12d80471ce6964e4a5fa2e675cac8cec95bb34087edc378f8107e7a180ba04a