Comparative mythology corpus

batch.motif.roman-aeneid-mackail-gutenberg-l5620-l5714

batch.motif.roman-aeneid-mackail-gutenberg-l5620-l5714

---
record_id: batch.motif.roman-aeneid-mackail-gutenberg-l5620-l5714
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/roman/project-gutenberg/aeneid-mackail.md
passage_locator:
  label: BOOK EIGHTH / THE EMBASSAGE TO EVANDER / BOOK NINTH / THE SIEGE OF THE TROJAN
    CAMP; lines 5620-5714
  start: '5620'
  end: '5714'
  translation: The Aeneid of Virgil
  notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
    human review required.
canonical_text:
  quote: ''
  summary: Juno sends Iris to Turnus, telling him that Aeneas is absent and urging
    him to attack the Trojan camp. Turnus accepts the apparition as an omen, prays,
    and advances with his army. The Trojans remain behind their defenses as Aeneas
    had ordered. Turnus tries to force entry and then turns on the Trojan fleet with
    fire. The narrator asks what divine power saved the ships, and recounts how the
    Mother of the gods asked Jove to protect the Idaean pines that had become Aeneas'
    ships; Jove promised that, once their task was complete, the ships would become
    goddesses of the sea.
  language: English
  quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
  text: Juno sends Iris down from the sky to Turnus while he is in Pilumnus' holy
    forest dell.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:2
  text: Iris tells Turnus that Aeneas has left his town, comrades, and fleet to seek
    Evander and muster allies.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:3
  text: Iris urges Turnus to call for chariots and horses, break through obstacles,
    and seize the Trojan camp.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:4
  text: After Iris rises into the sky, Turnus interprets the apparition as a heavenly
    omen calling him to arms.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:5
  text: Turnus approaches water, takes water from an eddy, prays to the gods, and
    makes vows.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:6
  text: The approaching army raises dust on the plain, prompting Caïcus to warn the
    Trojans that the enemy is near.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:7
  text: The Trojans enter the gates, fill the works, bar the gates, and remain armed
    behind walls and towers because Aeneas had ordered them not to fight in the open
    if danger arose during his absence.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:8
  text: Turnus rides ahead, casts a javelin into the air to begin battle, circles
    the walls, and seeks an entrance where none is available.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: obs:9
  text: Turnus attacks the fleet lying under the camp by the river and calls for fire;
    his companions take black faggots and plunder hearth-fires.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: obs:10
  text: The narrator asks the Muses what god guarded the Trojans from fire and repelled
    flame from their ships.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: obs:11
  text: The Mother of the gods says that her beloved pine forest and grove on the
    crown of Phrygian Ida were given to Aeneas when he needed a fleet.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
- id: obs:12
  text: Jove answers that mortal-made hulls cannot have unrestricted immortality,
    but promises that after they reach the Ausonian haven he will remove their mortal
    body and make them goddesses of the sea.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
- id: obs:13
  text: Jove confirms the promise by the Stygian streams and shakes Olympus with his
    nod.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
figures:
- id: fig:1
  name_or_label: Juno
  description: Daughter of Saturn who sends Iris down to Turnus.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: fig:2
  name_or_label: Iris
  description: Child of Thaumas, sent from the sky; she speaks to Turnus and rises
    back into the sky on wings.
  role_refs:
  - role:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
- id: fig:3
  name_or_label: Turnus
  description: Rutulian leader addressed by Iris; he accepts the omen, prays, leads
    the attack, and attempts to burn the Trojan fleet.
  role_refs:
  - role:3
  - role:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
- id: fig:4
  name_or_label: Aeneas
  description: Absent Trojan captain who has gone to seek Evander and whose prior
    command keeps the Trojans within the camp defenses.
  role_refs:
  - role:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:5
- id: fig:5
  name_or_label: Evander
  description: Ruler associated with a throne and Palatine dwelling-place sought by
    Aeneas.
  role_refs:
  - role:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: fig:6
  name_or_label: Teucrians / Trojans
  description: Defenders who enter the gates, fill the works, bar the gates, and await
    the enemy from walls and towers.
  role_refs:
  - role:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
  - ev:8
- id: fig:7
  name_or_label: Caïcus
  description: Trojan lookout or speaker who warns from the mound that the enemy is
    approaching.
  role_refs:
  - role:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: fig:8
  name_or_label: Messapus
  description: Leader of the foremost ranks in Turnus' advancing army.
  role_refs:
  - role:9
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: fig:9
  name_or_label: Sons of Tyrrheus
  description: Figures ruling the rear of the advancing army.
  role_refs:
  - role:9
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: fig:10
  name_or_label: Mother of the gods / Berecyntian
  description: Divine mother who petitions Jove for protection of the pine trees from
    her grove that became Aeneas' fleet.
  role_refs:
  - role:10
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
- id: fig:11
  name_or_label: Jove
  description: Son of the Mother of the gods, ruler who wheels the starry worlds and
    grants a conditional promise concerning the ships.
  role_refs:
  - role:11
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
  - ev:11
- id: fig:12
  name_or_label: Muses
  description: Invoked by the narrator to tell what god protected the Trojan ships
    from fire.
  role_refs:
  - role:12
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: fig:13
  name_or_label: Aeneas' fleet / Trojan ships
  description: Ships made from the Mother of the gods' Idaean pines; threatened by
    fire and promised future transformation into sea goddesses after reaching the
    Ausonian haven.
  role_refs:
  - role:13
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
  - ev:9
  - ev:10
- id: fig:14
  name_or_label: Doto and Galatea
  description: Sea goddesses named by Jove as comparanda for the future divine state
    of the ships.
  role_refs:
  - role:14
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
roles:
- id: role:1
  label: divine sender
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: Juno sends Iris down the sky to Turnus.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: role:2
  label: divine messenger
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  basis: Iris delivers Juno's message urging Turnus to attack.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
- id: role:3
  label: recipient of omen
  assigned_to:
  - fig:3
  basis: Turnus recognizes Iris' appearance as a high omen and follows the call to
    arms.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: role:4
  label: attacker of camp and fleet
  assigned_to:
  - fig:3
  basis: Turnus advances on the camp, seeks entry, and calls for fire against the
    fleet.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
- id: role:5
  label: absent captain and commander
  assigned_to:
  - fig:4
  basis: Aeneas is away seeking allies, and his earlier order governs Trojan defensive
    conduct.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:5
- id: role:6
  label: ally sought by Aeneas
  assigned_to:
  - fig:5
  basis: Iris states that Aeneas has gone to Evander's throne and Palatine dwelling-place.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: role:7
  label: besieged defenders
  assigned_to:
  - fig:6
  basis: The Trojans bar the gates, keep to walls and towers, and await the foe.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: role:8
  label: watchman or warner
  assigned_to:
  - fig:7
  basis: Caïcus raises the alarm from the mound as dust approaches.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: role:9
  label: army leaders
  assigned_to:
  - fig:8
  - fig:9
  basis: Messapus rules the foremost ranks and the sons of Tyrrheus rule the rear.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: role:10
  label: divine mother petitioner
  assigned_to:
  - fig:10
  basis: The Mother of the gods asks Jove to protect trees from her grove that became
    the fleet.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
- id: role:11
  label: divine granter of conditional transformation
  assigned_to:
  - fig:11
  basis: Jove promises the ships will become goddesses of the deep only after their
    duty is done.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
- id: role:12
  label: invoked source of sacred account
  assigned_to:
  - fig:12
  basis: The narrator calls on the Muses to tell what god guarded the ships.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: role:13
  label: threatened sacred vessels
  assigned_to:
  - fig:13
  basis: The ships are threatened by Turnus' fire and are identified as made from
    the Mother of the gods' trees.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  - ev:9
- id: role:14
  label: sea-goddess comparanda
  assigned_to:
  - fig:14
  basis: Jove compares the promised future of the ships to Doto and Galatea cutting
    through the sea.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
symbols:
- id: sym:1
  label: fire
  literal_form: Blazing pine-torch, black faggots, hearth-fires, smoky brands, and
    fierce flame threatening the fleet.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:3
  - fig:6
  - fig:13
  taxonomy_refs:
  - fire
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
- id: sym:2
  label: water
  literal_form: Wave and brimming eddy used by Turnus in prayer; river waters by the
    fleet; high seas and mighty deep in Jove's promise.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:3
  - fig:10
  - fig:11
  - fig:13
  taxonomy_refs:
  - water
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:7
  - ev:9
  - ev:10
- id: sym:3
  label: tree
  literal_form: Pine forest, grove, dusky pine, pillared maples, and timber given
    to make Aeneas' fleet.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:10
  - fig:13
  taxonomy_refs:
  - tree
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
- id: sym:4
  label: mountain
  literal_form: Phrygian Ida and the mountain crown where the Mother of the gods'
    grove stood; Olympus shaken by Jove's confirming nod.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:10
  - fig:11
  - fig:13
  taxonomy_refs:
  - mountain
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
  - ev:11
scenes:
- id: scene:1
  label: Iris summons Turnus
  summary: Juno sends Iris to Turnus, and Iris tells him Aeneas is absent and urges
    him to attack the Trojan camp.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  - fig:5
  symbol_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
- id: scene:2
  label: Turnus receives omen and prays
  summary: Iris rises skyward; Turnus interprets the event as a heavenly omen, takes
    water, prays, and vows to the gods.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: scene:3
  label: Trojans hold the camp
  summary: Turnus' army advances, Caïcus warns the Trojans, and the defenders remain
    behind the gates and walls according to Aeneas' command.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  - fig:6
  - fig:7
  - fig:8
  - fig:9
  symbol_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
- id: scene:4
  label: Turnus attacks the fleet with fire
  summary: Unable to enter the camp, Turnus turns against the fleet by the river and
    calls on his followers to bring fire against it.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:3
  - fig:6
  - fig:13
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  - sym:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
- id: scene:5
  label: Divine origin and promised transformation of the ships
  summary: The narrator invokes the Muses and recounts the Mother of the gods' petition
    to Jove, who promises that the ships made from Idaean trees will become goddesses
    of the sea after their mission is complete.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:10
  - fig:11
  - fig:12
  - fig:13
  - fig:14
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:2
  - sym:3
  - sym:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
  - ev:9
  - ev:10
  - ev:11
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
  label: divine messenger prompts battle during hero's absence
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: Juno sends Iris to tell Turnus that Aeneas is away and that the camp is vulnerable,
    prompting Turnus' attack.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  confidence: high
  cautions: No available taxonomy reference precisely matches this martial messenger
    pattern.
- id: motif:2
  label: omen accepted as divine call to arms
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: Turnus identifies Iris' departure and the opening sky as a high omen and
    follows it by taking water, praying, and preparing for battle.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage reports Turnus' interpretation; it does not independently
    verify the omen beyond Iris' divine mission.
- id: motif:3
  label: besieged camp protected by obedience to absent leader
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: The Trojans resist shame and anger, bar the gates, and keep to the walls
    because Aeneas ordered them not to fight in the open during his absence.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  confidence: high
  cautions: This is a tactical narrative pattern rather than a named taxonomy motif
    in the supplied list.
- id: motif:4
  label: fire assault on sacred or protected vessels
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: Turnus attacks the fleet with torches and faggots, but the narrator signals
    that a divine account explains how flame was repelled from the ships.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The passage introduces the protection but does not yet narrate the physical
    repulsion of the flames in this excerpt.
- id: motif:5
  label: mother goddess petitions for sacred trees transformed into ships
  taxonomy_refs:
  - mother_goddess
  basis: The Mother of the gods petitions Jove for the Idaean pines from her beloved
    grove that she gave to Aeneas as fleet timber.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage emphasizes the divine mother as petitioner; broader cultic
    implications are not extracted.
- id: motif:6
  label: mortal vessels promised transformation into sea goddesses
  taxonomy_refs:
  - shapeshifter
  basis: Jove promises that after the ships reach their Ausonian haven he will remove
    their mortal body and make them goddesses of the mighty deep.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
  confidence: high
  cautions: The transformation is promised in a retrospective divine speech; the actual
    metamorphosis is not shown within the excerpt.
- id: motif:7
  label: divine parent-child petition and response
  taxonomy_refs:
  - divine_parent_child
  basis: The Mother of the gods addresses Jove as her son, and Jove answers her petition
    with a conditional grant.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
  - ev:10
  confidence: high
  cautions: The motif is limited here to a petitionary exchange between divine mother
    and son.
- id: motif:8
  label: sacred promise ratified by underworld oath
  taxonomy_refs:
  - covenant
  basis: Jove confirms his promise by the Stygian streams and by a nod that shakes
    Olympus.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The passage presents a divine confirmation; identifying it as a covenant
    is approximate within the supplied taxonomy.
comparison_claims:
- id: claim:1
  claim: Jove explicitly compares the future sea-goddess state of Aeneas' ships to
    Doto the Nereid and Galatea moving through the sea.
  claim_level: same_function
  target: Doto the Nereid and Galatea as sea goddesses
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
  counter_evidence_refs: []
  confidence: high
  limitations: The comparison is internal to the passage and concerns divine sea status
    and motion; it does not establish historical borrowing or a wider motif genealogy.
evidence:
- id: ev:1
  type: summary
  locator: lines 5620-5625
  quote_or_summary: Juno, daughter of Saturn, sends Iris down the sky to Turnus in
    Pilumnus' holy forest dell.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/roman/project-gutenberg/aeneid-mackail.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:2
  type: summary
  locator: lines 5626-5635
  quote_or_summary: Iris tells Turnus that Aeneas has left town, comrades, and fleet
    to seek Evander and muster forces, and urges him to seize the camp.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/roman/project-gutenberg/aeneid-mackail.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:3
  type: summary
  locator: lines 5636-5647
  quote_or_summary: Iris rises into the sky; Turnus recognizes the apparition as a
    heavenly omen, approaches the water, takes water from an eddy, prays, and makes
    vows.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/roman/project-gutenberg/aeneid-mackail.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:4
  type: summary
  locator: lines 5648-5660
  quote_or_summary: Turnus' army advances across the plain; Messapus leads the front,
    the sons of Tyrrheus the rear, and Caïcus warns the Trojans of the approaching
    enemy dust cloud.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/roman/project-gutenberg/aeneid-mackail.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:5
  type: summary
  locator: lines 5661-5670
  quote_or_summary: Aeneas had ordered the Trojans not to fight in the open if trouble
    arose; they therefore bar the gates and wait armed behind walls and towers.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/roman/project-gutenberg/aeneid-mackail.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:6
  type: summary
  locator: lines 5671-5684
  quote_or_summary: Turnus rides ahead with chosen cavalry, throws a javelin to begin
    battle, and circles the walls seeking an entrance.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/roman/project-gutenberg/aeneid-mackail.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:7
  type: summary
  locator: lines 5685-5700
  quote_or_summary: Turnus, unable to reach the Trojans inside the camp, attacks the
    fleet lying by the river, calls for fire, takes a blazing pine-torch, and his
    followers arm themselves with faggots and brands.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/roman/project-gutenberg/aeneid-mackail.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:8
  type: summary
  locator: lines 5701-5705
  quote_or_summary: The narrator asks the Muses what god guarded the Trojans from
    the fire and repelled flame from their ships.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/roman/project-gutenberg/aeneid-mackail.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:9
  type: summary
  locator: lines 5705-5714
  quote_or_summary: The Mother of the gods recalls that her beloved pine forest and
    grove on Phrygian Ida were given to Aeneas for his fleet, and she asks Jove that
    their mountain birth protect them from voyaging and storm.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/roman/project-gutenberg/aeneid-mackail.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:10
  type: summary
  locator: lines 5714-continuing within supplied passage
  quote_or_summary: Jove answers that mortal-made hulls cannot simply have immortality,
    but promises that once the ships have carried Aeneas to Laurentum and reached
    the Ausonian haven, he will make them goddesses of the sea like Doto and Galatea.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/roman/project-gutenberg/aeneid-mackail.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:11
  type: summary
  locator: end of supplied passage
  quote_or_summary: Jove confirms the promise by his brother's Stygian streams and
    shakes Olympus with his nod.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/roman/project-gutenberg/aeneid-mackail.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
confidence:
  extraction: high
  motif_candidates: medium
  comparison_claims: high
  notes: Extraction is based only on the supplied passage. Motif labeling is cautious
    where available taxonomy terms are approximate.
reviewer_status:
  status: needs_review
  reviewer: ''
  reviewed_at: ''
  notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
  No external sources or unsupported comparisons were used.
  batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
  custom_id=motif_extract:roman-aeneid-mackail-gutenberg__l5620-l5714
  passage_sha256=4227438f8f36f4d1505ae3027b537c3d82fa264e54d73e4ab38c7d780d17961f