Comparative mythology corpus

batch.motif.roman-aeneid-mackail-gutenberg-l5086-l5159

batch.motif.roman-aeneid-mackail-gutenberg-l5086-l5159

---
record_id: batch.motif.roman-aeneid-mackail-gutenberg-l5086-l5159
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/roman/project-gutenberg/aeneid-mackail.md
passage_locator:
  label: BOOK SEVENTH / THE LANDING IN LATIUM, AND THE ROLL OF THE ARMIES OF ITALY
    / BOOK EIGHTH / THE EMBASSAGE TO EVANDER; lines 5086-5159
  start: '5086'
  end: '5159'
  translation: The Aeneid of Virgil
  notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
    human review required.
canonical_text:
  quote: ''
  summary: Aeneas and the Trojans arrive by ship while Evander, Pallas, and the Arcadians
    are performing yearly rites. Pallas challenges the strangers, and Aeneas answers
    with an olive bough, asking for alliance against the Latins. Aeneas appeals to
    shared ancestry through Atlas and to divine oracles. Evander recalls Anchises
    and former Trojan gifts, accepts the alliance, and welcomes the Trojans into the
    sacrificial feast.
  language: English
  quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
  text: Evander, Pallas, Arcadian leaders, and the senate are offering sacrifice and
    incense in a grove before the city; blood steams at the altars.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:2
  text: The Arcadians see high ships gliding between shaded woodlands and stopping
    with silent oars, which alarms them and interrupts the banquet.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:3
  text: Pallas forbids the rites to be broken off, takes a spear, advances, and questions
    the strangers from a hillock.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:4
  text: Aeneas speaks from the stern while holding an olive bough described as peace-bearing.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:5
  text: Aeneas identifies his group as Trojans hostile to the Latins and asks that
    Evander be told they seek an armed alliance.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:6
  text: Pallas invites Aeneas to descend, meet his father face to face, and enter
    their home and hospitality; he gives Aeneas a welcoming handclasp.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:7
  text: Aeneas addresses Evander as a Grecian and Arcadian chief, says he comes as
    a suppliant, and cites oracles, fame, and ancestral kinship as reasons for alliance.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: obs:8
  text: Aeneas traces Trojan and Arcadian ancestry through Electra, Atlas, Mercury,
    and Maia, claiming both families branch from a single blood.
  category: relationship
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: obs:9
  text: Aeneas says the same Daunian race wages merciless war against both parties
    and urges Evander to accept and return friendship.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: obs:10
  text: Evander recognizes Aeneas by recalling Anchises, Priam, and a former visit
    involving Trojan leaders in Arcadia.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: obs:11
  text: 'Evander recounts gifts from Anchises: an adorned quiver, Lycian arrows, a
    gold-woven scarf, and golden bits now possessed by Pallas.'
  category: object
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
- id: obs:12
  text: Evander states that his hand is already joined in the requested alliance and
    promises aid at dawn.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
- id: obs:13
  text: Evander asks the Trojans to solemnize yearly rites with the Arcadians and
    share their comrades' board.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
- id: obs:14
  text: The feast is restored, Aeneas is given a place of honor with a lion skin and
    maple chair, and sacrificial meat, grain, and wine are served.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
figures:
- id: fig:1
  name_or_label: Evander, Arcadian king
  description: The Arcadian king who performs sacrifice, receives Aeneas, recalls
    Anchises, accepts alliance, and hosts the feast.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  - role:5
  - role:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:6
  - ev:8
  - ev:10
  - ev:11
- id: fig:2
  name_or_label: Pallas
  description: Evander's son, present at the sacrifice; he challenges the arriving
    strangers and then welcomes Aeneas.
  role_refs:
  - role:2
  - role:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:3
  - ev:5
- id: fig:3
  name_or_label: Aeneas
  description: Trojan leader who arrives by ship, bears an olive bough, speaks as
    a suppliant, asks for alliance, and joins the feast.
  role_refs:
  - role:3
  - role:4
  - role:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
  - ev:11
- id: fig:4
  name_or_label: Trojans / Dardanian captains
  description: Men born of Troy who accompany Aeneas and come pleading for armed alliance.
  role_refs:
  - role:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:11
- id: fig:5
  name_or_label: Arcadian chiefs and senate
  description: Arcadian leaders and senate present with Evander and Pallas at the
    sacrifice.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: fig:6
  name_or_label: Great son of Amphitryon
  description: A deity receiving Evander's accustomed sacrifice, named by epithet
    as the great son of Amphitryon.
  role_refs:
  - role:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: fig:7
  name_or_label: All the gods
  description: Divine recipients included in the sacrifice along with the great son
    of Amphitryon.
  role_refs:
  - role:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: fig:8
  name_or_label: Atlas
  description: Ancient figure whose shoulder sustains the heavens and who is named
    as ancestor in both genealogical lines.
  role_refs:
  - role:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: fig:9
  name_or_label: Daunian race
  description: The group Aeneas says pursues both Trojans and Arcadians in merciless
    warfare.
  role_refs:
  - role:9
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: fig:10
  name_or_label: Anchises
  description: Aeneas' father, remembered by Evander as a former visitor and gift-giver.
  role_refs:
  - role:10
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
  - ev:9
roles:
- id: role:1
  label: ritual participant
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  - fig:5
  basis: They are described as offering incense and sacrifice at the altars.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: role:2
  label: armed challenger
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  basis: Pallas takes a spear and questions the approaching strangers.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: role:3
  label: alliance-seeking arrivals
  assigned_to:
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  basis: Aeneas identifies the Trojans and asks for an armed alliance with Evander.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: role:4
  label: suppliant speaker
  assigned_to:
  - fig:3
  basis: Aeneas says he has come in person as a suppliant to Evander's courts.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: role:5
  label: welcomer into hospitality
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  basis: Pallas offers the first welcome, and Evander later hosts Aeneas and his companions
    at the rites and feast.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:10
  - ev:11
- id: role:6
  label: alliance partners
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  - fig:3
  basis: Aeneas requests friendship and armed alliance, and Evander says his hand
    is already joined in it.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  - ev:10
- id: role:7
  label: recipient of sacrifice
  assigned_to:
  - fig:6
  - fig:7
  basis: The sacrifice is paid to the great son of Amphitryon and all the gods.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: role:8
  label: shared ancestral figure
  assigned_to:
  - fig:8
  basis: Aeneas presents Atlas as a common ancestral source for the Trojan and Arcadian
    lines.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: role:9
  label: common enemy
  assigned_to:
  - fig:9
  basis: Aeneas says the same Daunian race pursues both peoples in merciless warfare.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: role:10
  label: remembered gift-giver
  assigned_to:
  - fig:10
  basis: Evander recalls receiving weapons and ornaments from Anchises.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
  - ev:9
symbols:
- id: sym:1
  label: sacrificial altar
  literal_form: Altars where incense is offered and warm blood steams.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:5
  - fig:6
  - fig:7
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: sym:2
  label: sacred grove
  literal_form: A grove before the city where the sacrifice and feast take place.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:5
  taxonomy_refs:
  - tree
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: sym:3
  label: ships on the river approach
  literal_form: High ships gliding between shaded woodlands on silent oars.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  taxonomy_refs:
  - water
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: sym:4
  label: spear
  literal_form: The spear snatched up by Pallas before he questions the strangers.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: sym:5
  label: olive bough of peace
  literal_form: An olive bough held out by Aeneas and described as peace-bearing.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:3
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: sym:6
  label: welcoming handclasp
  literal_form: Pallas gives Aeneas the grasp of welcome and clings to his hand.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: sym:7
  label: shared blood ancestry
  literal_form: A genealogical claim that Trojan and Arcadian families branch from
    a single blood through Atlas.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:3
  - fig:8
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: sym:8
  label: ancestral gifts
  literal_form: Quiver, Lycian arrows, gold-woven scarf, and golden bits given by
    Anchises to Evander.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:10
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
- id: sym:9
  label: place of honor at feast
  literal_form: A lion's shaggy fell used as cushion and a hospitable maple chair
    for Aeneas.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:3
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
- id: sym:10
  label: sacrificial meal
  literal_form: Roasted bull flesh, ground corn, wine, ox chines, and entrails of
    the sacrifice.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  taxonomy_refs:
  - sacrifice
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
scenes:
- id: scene:1
  label: Arcadian sacrifice interrupted by ships
  summary: Evander, Pallas, and Arcadian leaders perform rites in a grove; the arrival
    of Trojan ships alarms them and stops the banquet.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:4
  - fig:5
  - fig:6
  - fig:7
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  - sym:2
  - sym:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
- id: scene:2
  label: Pallas challenges the strangers
  summary: Pallas preserves the rites, arms himself with a spear, and asks the approaching
    men who they are and whether they bring peace or war.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: scene:3
  label: Aeneas presents olive bough and asks alliance
  summary: Aeneas answers from the ship with an olive bough, identifies the Trojans,
    and asks that Evander hear their plea for armed alliance.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  - fig:1
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: scene:4
  label: Welcome into grove and audience with Evander
  summary: Pallas welcomes Aeneas with a handclasp and leads him from the river into
    the grove to speak with Evander.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  - fig:1
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:2
  - sym:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: scene:5
  label: Aeneas argues from kinship and common danger
  summary: Aeneas addresses Evander as a suppliant, traces shared descent through
    Atlas, and urges friendship against the Daunian threat.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:3
  - fig:1
  - fig:8
  - fig:9
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
- id: scene:6
  label: Evander recalls Anchises and accepts alliance
  summary: Evander recognizes Aeneas through memory of Anchises, recalls past gifts,
    and promises aid to Aeneas.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:3
  - fig:10
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
  - ev:9
  - ev:10
- id: scene:7
  label: Ritual feast and hospitality
  summary: Evander restores the feast, seats Aeneas in honor, and the Trojans share
    sacrificial meat, grain, and wine.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:9
  - sym:10
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
  label: yearly sacrifice and communal sacred meal
  taxonomy_refs:
  - sacrifice
  basis: The passage centers on accustomed yearly rites with altars, sacrificial blood,
    roasted bull flesh, entrails, grain, and wine shared by hosts and guests.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:10
  - ev:11
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage describes ritual practice but does not explain the mythic
    origin of the rite within this excerpt.
- id: motif:2
  label: peace-bearing supplication with a ritual branch
  taxonomy_refs:
  - sacred_exchange
  basis: Aeneas approaches as a suppliant holding a peace-bearing olive bough and
    asks Evander to return friendship and alliance.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The taxonomy reference is functional; the passage does not name a formal
    exchange rite beyond supplication, friendship, and alliance.
- id: motif:3
  label: alliance covenant against a common enemy
  taxonomy_refs:
  - covenant
  basis: Aeneas asks for armed alliance against the Latins and Daunians, and Evander
    accepts by saying his hand is already joined in the alliance and promising aid.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:7
  - ev:10
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage uses alliance and friendship language, not a formal oath or
    written covenant.
- id: motif:4
  label: ancestral kinship legitimating political alliance
  taxonomy_refs:
  - royal_legitimacy
  basis: Aeneas argues that Trojans and Arcadians share descent through Atlas, using
    genealogy to justify trust and alliance with Evander.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The passage supports ancestral legitimation of alliance, but the broader
    royal succession context lies outside this excerpt.
- id: motif:5
  label: hospitality transforms strangers into allies
  taxonomy_refs:
  - sacred_exchange
  basis: Pallas first challenges the unknown arrivals, then welcomes Aeneas by handclasp;
    Evander seats him in honor and shares the ritual feast after accepting alliance.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:5
  - ev:10
  - ev:11
  confidence: high
  cautions: This is a social and ritual hospitality pattern; no divine enforcement
    of hospitality is stated in the excerpt.
comparison_claims: []
evidence:
- id: ev:1
  type: summary
  locator: 5086-5091
  quote_or_summary: Evander performs accustomed sacrifice to the great son of Amphitryon
    and all the gods in a grove before the city; Pallas, Arcadian chiefs, and the
    senate offer incense, and blood steams at the altars.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/roman/project-gutenberg/aeneid-mackail.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summary generated from supplied passage.
- id: ev:2
  type: summary
  locator: 5091-5095
  quote_or_summary: The Arcadians see high ships glide between shaded woodlands and
    rest on silent oars; the sudden sight alarms them, and they rise and stop the
    banquet.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/roman/project-gutenberg/aeneid-mackail.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summary generated from supplied passage.
- id: ev:3
  type: summary
  locator: 5095-5100
  quote_or_summary: Pallas forbids the rites to be broken off, takes a spear, advances
    to a hillock, and asks the strangers their cause, origin, dwelling, and whether
    they bring peace or arms.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/roman/project-gutenberg/aeneid-mackail.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summary generated from supplied passage.
- id: ev:4
  type: summary
  locator: 5100-5108
  quote_or_summary: Aeneas speaks from the stern holding an olive bough of peace,
    identifies the arrivals as Trojans hostile to the Latins, and says chosen Dardanian
    captains come pleading for armed alliance with Evander.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/roman/project-gutenberg/aeneid-mackail.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summary generated from supplied passage.
- id: ev:5
  type: summary
  locator: 5109-5115
  quote_or_summary: Pallas is amazed at Aeneas' name, invites him to meet his father
    and enter their hospitality, gives him a welcoming grasp, and they enter the grove
    from the river.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/roman/project-gutenberg/aeneid-mackail.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summary generated from supplied passage.
- id: ev:6
  type: summary
  locator: 5115-5134
  quote_or_summary: Aeneas addresses Evander as a Grecian and Arcadian leader, says
    he comes as a suppliant led by oracles, kinship, and fame, and traces both families
    to Atlas through Electra and Maia/Mercury.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/roman/project-gutenberg/aeneid-mackail.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summary generated from supplied passage.
- id: ev:7
  type: summary
  locator: 5134-5141
  quote_or_summary: Aeneas says the same Daunian race pursues both groups in warfare
    and asks Evander to accept and return friendship, offering brave and proven men
    in war.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/roman/project-gutenberg/aeneid-mackail.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summary generated from supplied passage.
- id: ev:8
  type: summary
  locator: 5142-5151
  quote_or_summary: Evander studies Aeneas and recalls Anchises' words, tone, and
    glance, remembering Priam's journey and a visit by Trojan leaders to Arcadia.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/roman/project-gutenberg/aeneid-mackail.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summary generated from supplied passage.
- id: ev:9
  type: summary
  locator: 5151-5155
  quote_or_summary: Evander says Anchises gave him an adorned quiver, Lycian arrows,
    a gold-woven scarf, and golden bits now possessed by Pallas.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/roman/project-gutenberg/aeneid-mackail.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summary generated from supplied passage.
- id: ev:10
  type: summary
  locator: 5155-5162
  quote_or_summary: Evander says his hand is already joined in the alliance Aeneas
    seeks, promises aid at dawn, and invites the Trojans to solemnize the yearly rites
    and share the Arcadian board.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/roman/project-gutenberg/aeneid-mackail.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summary generated from supplied passage.
- id: ev:11
  type: summary
  locator: 5162-5169
  quote_or_summary: Evander restores feast and cups, seats Aeneas in honor on a lion
    skin and maple chair, and servants bring roasted bull flesh, ground corn, wine,
    ox chines, and sacrificial entrails.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/roman/project-gutenberg/aeneid-mackail.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summary generated from supplied passage.
confidence:
  extraction: high
  motif_candidates: medium
  comparison_claims: uncertain
  notes: Extraction is based only on the supplied passage. Motif candidates are straightforward
    for sacrifice, alliance, supplication, and hospitality, but broader comparative
    claims are not made because the excerpt itself does not establish external parallels.
reviewer_status:
  status: needs_review
  reviewer: ''
  reviewed_at: ''
  notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
  Some evidence locators extend slightly beyond the supplied end label because the passage text includes bracketed translation line markers and continuous prose; review against the canonical markdown line numbering is recommended.
  batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
  custom_id=motif_extract:roman-aeneid-mackail-gutenberg__l5086-l5159
  passage_sha256=93a50ca5da494db5ce37dd584b230ba121e00713de5e1d8563809b9f2d8a8163