Comparative mythology corpus

batch.motif.roman-aeneid-mackail-gutenberg-l1590-l1676

batch.motif.roman-aeneid-mackail-gutenberg-l1590-l1676

---
record_id: batch.motif.roman-aeneid-mackail-gutenberg-l1590-l1676
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/roman/project-gutenberg/aeneid-mackail.md
passage_locator:
  label: BOOK SECOND / THE STORY OF THE SACK OF TROY / BOOK THIRD / THE STORY OF THE
    SEVEN YEARS' WANDERING; lines 1590-1676
  start: '1590'
  end: '1676'
  translation: The Aeneid of Virgil
  notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
    human review required.
canonical_text:
  quote: ''
  summary: A divine oracle tells the Dardanian exiles to seek their ancient mother
    and promises rule to Aeneas' descendants. Anchises interprets the command as pointing
    to Crete, where the Trojans voyage, found Pergamea, and begin settlement. Pestilence
    ruins the new colony. At night the household gods appear to Aeneas and explain
    that Apollo's command points not to Crete but to Hesperia/Italy, the true ancestral
    dwelling. Aeneas performs offerings, reports the vision to Anchises, who recalls
    Cassandra's prophecy, and the Trojans abandon the settlement and sail again.
  language: English
  quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
  text: After Aeneas speaks, the sanctuary, hill, laurels, and cauldron shake or sound,
    and a voice is heard.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:2
  text: The voice tells the Dardanians to seek their ancient mother and says Aeneas'
    house and descendants will rule widely.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:3
  text: Anchises consults old records and identifies Crete, Mount Ida, and Teucer
    as ancestral points for the Trojans.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:4
  text: Anchises performs sacrifices to Neptune, Apollo, Tempest, and the West winds
    before the voyage.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:5
  text: The Trojans sail through islands of the Aegean and reach the Cretan coast.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:6
  text: Aeneas begins building a town in Crete, names it Pergamea, and gives laws
    and homesteads.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:7
  text: Pestilence, heat, barren fields, and failed harvest afflict the new Cretan
    settlement.
  category: setting
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:8
  text: Anchises advises returning to Apollo's oracle to ask what course and remedy
    are ordained.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:9
  text: At night the sacred images and household gods from Troy appear to Aeneas while
    he lies sleepless.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:10
  text: The household gods say Apollo has sent them and that the Trojans must leave
    Crete and seek Hesperia, also called Italy.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:11
  text: Aeneas rises, lifts his hands skyward, and makes a pure offering on the hearth.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: obs:12
  text: Anchises remembers that Cassandra had prophesied Hesperia and an Italian realm
    for the Trojans.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: obs:13
  text: The Trojans abandon the Cretan dwelling, leave a few people behind, spread
    their sails, and cross the sea again.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
figures:
- id: fig:1
  name_or_label: Aeneas
  description: Leader and narrator of the Trojan exiles; he receives divine messages,
    founds Pergamea, performs offerings, and leads departure.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  - role:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:3
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
- id: fig:2
  name_or_label: Anchises
  description: Aeneas' father; he interprets the oracle through ancestral records,
    performs or directs sacrifices, counsels seeking Apollo again, and recalls Cassandra's
    prophecy.
  role_refs:
  - role:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:4
  - ev:6
- id: fig:3
  name_or_label: Phoebus / Apollo
  description: God whose oracle gives the command to seek the ancient mother and whose
    message is later clarified by the household gods.
  role_refs:
  - role:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:5
- id: fig:4
  name_or_label: Dardanian or Trojan exiles
  description: The wandering people addressed by the oracle; they sail to Crete, settle,
    suffer pestilence, and depart again.
  role_refs:
  - role:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
  - ev:6
- id: fig:5
  name_or_label: Sacred images and household deities of Phrygia
  description: Divine images borne from burning Troy that appear at night to Aeneas
    and clarify the destined destination.
  role_refs:
  - role:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: fig:6
  name_or_label: Cassandra
  description: Prophetess remembered by Anchises as having foretold Hesperia and an
    Italian realm.
  role_refs:
  - role:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: fig:7
  name_or_label: Dardanus and Iasius
  description: Ancestral figures identified by the household gods as sources of the
    Trojan race connected with Hesperia/Italy.
  role_refs:
  - role:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
roles:
- id: role:1
  label: exile leader and city founder
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: Aeneas organizes settlement, names Pergamea, gives statutes and homesteads,
    and later leads departure.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:6
- id: role:2
  label: ancestral interpreter
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  basis: Anchises unrolls old records, identifies Crete as ancestral, and later recognizes
    the error through double descent and prophecy.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:6
- id: role:3
  label: oracular deity
  assigned_to:
  - fig:3
  basis: Phoebus/Apollo issues the command to seek the ancient mother and is named
    as the source of the corrected message.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:5
- id: role:4
  label: wandering people seeking a homeland
  assigned_to:
  - fig:4
  basis: The Trojans are called wandering, voyage to Crete, settle, suffer, and sail
    onward.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
  - ev:6
- id: role:5
  label: divine household messengers
  assigned_to:
  - fig:5
  basis: The household gods appear unsought and speak Apollo's message at Aeneas'
    threshold.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: role:6
  label: recipient of vision
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: Aeneas sees the household gods in a clear nighttime vision and responds with
    offerings.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
- id: role:7
  label: unheeded prophetess remembered later
  assigned_to:
  - fig:6
  basis: Anchises says Cassandra had foretold Hesperia and Italy, but asks who would
    have believed her then.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: role:8
  label: ancestral source of the race
  assigned_to:
  - fig:7
  basis: The household gods identify Dardanus and Iasius as sources of the Trojan
    race connected to the true dwelling place.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
symbols:
- id: sym:1
  label: oracular sanctuary in motion
  literal_form: shaking courts, laurels, hill, and moaning cauldron at the god's sanctuary
  associated_figures:
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: sym:2
  label: ancient mother
  literal_form: the land that bore the Dardanians by old parentage and is to receive
    them again
  associated_figures:
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: sym:3
  label: Mount Ida and Crete
  literal_form: Crete in mid-ocean, with Mount Ida described as cradle of the race
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  - fig:4
  taxonomy_refs:
  - mountain
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: sym:4
  label: sacrificial animals
  literal_form: bulls, a black sheep, and a white sheep offered on altars
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: sym:5
  label: sea voyage
  literal_form: fleet, main, channels among islands, sails, and hollow wood crossing
    the sea
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:4
  taxonomy_refs:
  - water
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:6
- id: sym:6
  label: pestilence and barren fields
  literal_form: tainted sky, disease on bodies, damaged trees and crops, Sirius scorching
    fields, failed harvest
  associated_figures:
  - fig:4
  taxonomy_refs:
  - tree
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: sym:7
  label: household gods from burning Troy
  literal_form: sacred images and household deities carried from Troy out of the burning
    city
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:5
  taxonomy_refs:
  - fire
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: sym:8
  label: Hesperia / Italy
  literal_form: ancient western land called Hesperia and Italy, named as true dwelling
    place
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:4
  - fig:5
  - fig:7
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: sym:9
  label: hearth offering
  literal_form: pure offering paid on the hearth after Aeneas raises hands skyward
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  taxonomy_refs:
  - fire
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
scenes:
- id: scene:1
  label: Oracle at the sanctuary
  summary: The sanctuary is shaken, a divine voice addresses the Dardanians, and the
    voice commands them to seek their ancient mother while promising future rule to
    Aeneas' line.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  - sym:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: scene:2
  label: Anchises identifies Crete and sacrifices
  summary: Anchises reads ancestral records, concludes that Crete and Mount Ida answer
    the oracle, urges obedience to divine commands, and offers sacrifices for the
    voyage.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:3
  - sym:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: scene:3
  label: Voyage to Crete and founding of Pergamea
  summary: The Trojans sail through the islands to Crete, Aeneas builds and names
    Pergamea, and the people begin marriages, fields, statutes, and homesteads.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:4
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: scene:4
  label: Pestilence in the new settlement
  summary: Disease and famine afflict the Cretan colony, and Anchises advises returning
    to Apollo for direction and relief.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:2
  - fig:4
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: scene:5
  label: Night vision of the household gods
  summary: The Trojan household gods appear to sleepless Aeneas by moonlight and explain
    that Apollo's command points to Hesperia/Italy, not Crete.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:3
  - fig:5
  - fig:7
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:7
  - sym:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: scene:6
  label: Offering, remembered prophecy, and renewed departure
  summary: Aeneas offers at the hearth and reports the vision; Anchises recalls Cassandra's
    prophecy of Hesperia, and the Trojans abandon Crete and sail onward.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:4
  - fig:6
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:5
  - sym:8
  - sym:9
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
  label: oracle directs exiled people toward ancestral homeland
  taxonomy_refs:
  - departure
  - return
  basis: The divine voice tells the wandering Dardanians to seek their ancient mother,
    and the passage frames the search as a return to old parentage.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  confidence: high
  cautions: The oracle's destination is initially ambiguous and later corrected.
- id: motif:2
  label: mistaken settlement corrected by divine message
  taxonomy_refs:
  - mystical_quest
  - wisdom
  basis: Anchises interprets the oracle as Crete, the Trojans settle there, but the
    household gods later state that Apollo did not command rest in Crete and direct
    them to Italy.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  - ev:5
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage presents the correction through divine speech rather than
    through human discovery alone.
- id: motif:3
  label: dynastic prophecy of future empire
  taxonomy_refs:
  - royal_legitimacy
  basis: The oracle promises that the house of Aeneas, his children's children, and
    later descendants will sway all regions; the household gods also promise empire
    to the future city.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:5
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage gives a future promise but not the later fulfillment.
- id: motif:4
  label: portable household gods guide survivors from a destroyed city
  taxonomy_refs:
  - departure
  basis: The household deities carried from burning Troy appear to Aeneas and give
    instructions for the next stage of the journey.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage describes their guidance but does not elaborate their cultic
    identity beyond household deities and sacred images.
- id: motif:5
  label: ritual sacrifice before voyage and after vision
  taxonomy_refs:
  - sacrifice
  basis: Anchises sacrifices animals before the voyage to Crete, and Aeneas makes
    a pure hearth offering after the divine vision.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:6
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage does not specify detailed ritual procedures beyond offerings
    and recipients.
- id: motif:6
  label: failed foundation undone by plague and famine
  taxonomy_refs:
  - divine_judgment
  basis: After the Trojans found Pergamea in Crete, pestilence, heat, barren fields,
    and failed harvest drive them to seek further divine instruction.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The passage does not explicitly call the pestilence a punishment or judgment;
    the divine_judgment taxonomy link is therefore tentative.
- id: motif:7
  label: unheeded prophecy remembered after fulfillment begins
  taxonomy_refs:
  - wisdom
  basis: Anchises recalls that Cassandra had often prophesied Hesperia and an Italian
    realm, but says no one would have believed her at the time.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The prophecy is recalled briefly and not narrated in detail in this passage.
comparison_claims: []
evidence:
- id: ev:1
  type: summary
  locator: 1590-1601
  quote_or_summary: The sanctuary and hill shake, the cauldron sounds, and a voice
    tells the Dardanians to seek their ancient mother; it promises rule to Aeneas'
    descendants.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/roman/project-gutenberg/aeneid-mackail.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:2
  type: summary
  locator: 1601-1622
  quote_or_summary: Anchises consults old records, identifies Crete and Mount Ida
    as ancestral, mentions Teucer and Idaean rites, urges obedience to divine commands,
    and sacrifices animals to sea, oracle, storm, and wind powers.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/roman/project-gutenberg/aeneid-mackail.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:3
  type: summary
  locator: 1623-1637
  quote_or_summary: The Trojans hear Crete is open, sail past Aegean islands, reach
    the Curetean coast, found Pergamea, and begin domestic, agricultural, legal, and
    building activity.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/roman/project-gutenberg/aeneid-mackail.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:4
  type: summary
  locator: 1637-1647
  quote_or_summary: Pestilence from a tainted sky harms bodies, trees, and crops;
    Sirius scorches the fields, harvest fails, and Anchises counsels asking Apollo
    what aid and course are ordained.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/roman/project-gutenberg/aeneid-mackail.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:5
  type: summary
  locator: 1648-1665
  quote_or_summary: At night the Trojan household gods appear to sleepless Aeneas
    and say Apollo sends them; they promise future empire and direct him away from
    Crete toward Hesperia/Italy, the true dwelling place connected with Dardanus and
    Iasius.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/roman/project-gutenberg/aeneid-mackail.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:6
  type: summary
  locator: 1666-1676
  quote_or_summary: Aeneas recognizes the vision, makes an offering, tells Anchises,
    and Anchises recalls Cassandra's prophecy of Hesperia and Italy; the Trojans obey,
    abandon the settlement, leave a few behind, and sail again.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/roman/project-gutenberg/aeneid-mackail.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
confidence:
  extraction: high
  motif_candidates: medium
  comparison_claims: uncertain
  notes: Extraction is based only on the supplied passage. Motif candidates are strongest
    where divine speech, voyage, foundation, plague, and departure are explicit. No
    comparison claims were added because the passage itself does not support a cautious
    comparison beyond its own narrative context.
reviewer_status:
  status: needs_review
  reviewer: ''
  reviewed_at: ''
  notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
  All taxonomy references are limited to the available motif family and symbol lists supplied with the task.
  batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
  custom_id=motif_extract:roman-aeneid-mackail-gutenberg__l1590-l1676
  passage_sha256=7a2b4eb7790753726f407d5045a54ad7c1231d336eb12ea33dcc2ca963b2dedf