extraction.egyptian.book_of_the_dead.judgment_heart_maati
---
record_id: extraction.egyptian.book_of_the_dead.judgment_heart_maati
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/egyptian/project-gutenberg/book-of-the-dead-budge.md
passage_locator:
label: CHAPTER VII, The Judgment of Osiris; Chapter CXXV and Papyrus of Ani judgment
vignette
translation: E. A. Wallis Budge, Project Gutenberg eBook
notes: Uses the source's visible CHAPTER VII heading and its references to Chapter
CXXV and the Papyrus of Ani.
canonical_text:
quote: Ani's heart, is seen in one pan of the Balance, and in the other is the feather,
symbolic of truth and righteousness.
language: English
quote_policy: quoted
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
text: The deceased enters the Hall of Maati, where Osiris is said to sit in judgment.
category: setting
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: obs:2
text: The deceased says he has brought maat, identified in the source as truth or
integrity, and has destroyed sin.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: obs:3
text: Osiris is accompanied by two goddesses of Law and Truth and by the Forty-Two
gods.
category: setting
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: obs:4
text: Near Osiris are the Great Scales, Anpu, and Amemit, who is described as the
eater of condemned hearts.
category: setting
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: obs:5
text: In the Papyrus of Ani vignette, Ani's heart is in one pan of the Balance and
the feather of truth and righteousness is in the other.
category: object
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: obs:6
text: Thoth announces that the heart has been weighed and that no wickedness has
been found.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: obs:7
text: Horus presents Ani to Osiris and says Ani's heart is righteous and without
sin before any god or goddess.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- id: obs:8
text: Under Osiris's favour, Ani becomes a sahu or spirit-body and passes into the
Kingdom of Osiris.
category: sequence
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
figures:
- id: fig:1
name_or_label: the deceased / Ani
description: The dead person represented by Ani in the judgment vignette.
role_refs:
- role:2
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- ev:5
- ev:6
- id: fig:2
name_or_label: Osiris
description: The god seated in the Hall of Maati and receiving Ani after judgment.
role_refs:
- role:1
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:2
- ev:5
- id: fig:3
name_or_label: two goddesses of Law and Truth
description: Goddesses seated with Osiris in the Hall of Maati.
role_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: fig:4
name_or_label: Forty-Two gods
description: Gods assisting Osiris in the Hall of Maati.
role_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: fig:5
name_or_label: Anpu
description: The god in charge of the Great Scales.
role_refs:
- role:4
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: fig:6
name_or_label: Amemit
description: The Eater of the Dead, associated with condemned hearts.
role_refs:
- role:5
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: fig:7
name_or_label: Thoth
description: The judge or scribe who announces and records the verdict.
role_refs:
- role:3
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- ev:5
- id: fig:8
name_or_label: Horus, son of Isis
description: The figure who leads Ani forward and presents him to Osiris.
role_refs:
- role:6
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
roles:
- id: role:1
label: divine judge
assigned_to:
- fig:2
basis: Osiris is explicitly said to sit in judgment in the Hall of Maati.
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:2
- id: role:2
label: judged deceased
assigned_to:
- fig:1
basis: Ani's heart is weighed and his case is evaluated before the divine court.
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- ev:4
- id: role:3
label: verdict announcer and recorder
assigned_to:
- fig:7
basis: Thoth speaks the weighing verdict and is said to set down the judgment in
writing.
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- ev:5
- id: role:4
label: scale attendant
assigned_to:
- fig:5
basis: The Great Scales are described as under Anpu's charge.
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: role:5
label: devourer of condemned hearts
assigned_to:
- fig:6
basis: Amemit is described as eating the hearts of the wicked condemned in Osiris's
judgment.
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: role:6
label: presenter before Osiris
assigned_to:
- fig:8
basis: Horus takes Ani by the hand and brings him before Osiris.
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
symbols:
- id: sym:1
label: Hall of Maati
literal_form: The judgment hall in which Osiris sits.
associated_figures:
- fig:2
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:2
- id: sym:2
label: Great Balance
literal_form: A balance or pair of scales used in the judgment scene.
associated_figures:
- fig:1
- fig:5
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- ev:3
- id: sym:3
label: heart
literal_form: Ani's heart placed in one pan of the Balance.
associated_figures:
- fig:1
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- ev:4
- id: sym:4
label: feather
literal_form: The feather in the other pan of the Balance, described as symbolic
of truth and righteousness.
associated_figures: []
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: sym:5
label: written judgment
literal_form: Thoth's judgment set down in writing.
associated_figures:
- fig:7
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
scenes:
- id: scene:1
label: Entry and confession in the Hall of Maati
summary: The deceased enters the Hall of Maati, addresses Osiris, and declares that
he has brought maat and destroyed sin.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:2
symbol_refs:
- sym:1
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: scene:2
label: Weighing of the heart
summary: The heart is weighed in the Great Balance against the feather of truth
and righteousness, with Anpu, Thoth, and Amemit present.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:5
- fig:6
- fig:7
symbol_refs:
- sym:2
- sym:3
- sym:4
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- ev:3
- ev:4
- id: scene:3
label: Presentation to Osiris
summary: Horus leads Ani to Osiris, declares the heart righteous, and Ani proceeds
toward a transformed afterlife state.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:2
- fig:7
- fig:8
symbol_refs:
- sym:5
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- ev:6
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
label: divine_judgment
taxonomy_refs:
- divine_judgment
basis: The passage presents a divine court in which Osiris sits in judgment and
the deceased is evaluated.
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:2
- ev:4
confidence: high
cautions: The extraction follows Budge's English framing and should be checked against
Egyptian text witnesses.
- id: motif:2
label: weighing_of_heart
taxonomy_refs:
- divine_judgment
basis: The deceased's heart is weighed in the Great Balance against the feather
of truth and righteousness.
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- ev:4
confidence: high
cautions: Candidate motif label is local/descriptive, not a finalized taxonomy entry.
- id: motif:3
label: acquittal_and_afterlife_reward
taxonomy_refs:
- death_rebirth
- resurrection
basis: After the favourable verdict, Ani is granted offerings, comes before Osiris,
and becomes a spirit-body.
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- ev:6
confidence: medium
cautions: The record treats the afterlife result descriptively and does not settle
theological interpretation.
comparison_claims:
- id: claim:1
claim: Within the atlas, this is a cautious candidate for a divine judgment pattern
combining a court, moral declaration, weighing, written verdict, and post-verdict
afterlife benefit.
claim_level: same_function
target: pattern atlas divine judgment records
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:2
- ev:3
- ev:4
- ev:5
- ev:6
counter_evidence_refs: []
confidence: low
limitations: Corpus-internal comparison only; this does not claim borrowing, common
origin, or equivalence across traditions.
evidence:
- id: ev:1
type: summary
locator: CHAPTER VII, The Judgment of Osiris; first part of Chapter CXXV
quote_or_summary: In Chapter CXXV, the deceased enters the Hall of Maati, where
Osiris sat in judgment, and says he has brought maat, or truth and integrity,
and destroyed sin.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/egyptian/project-gutenberg/book-of-the-dead-budge.md
rights_note: Public-domain source text.
- id: ev:2
type: summary
locator: CHAPTER VII, The Judgment of Osiris; second part of Chapter CXXV
quote_or_summary: Osiris is seated in the Hall of Maati with the two goddesses of
Law and Truth and the Forty-Two gods; nearby are the Great Scales, Anpu, and Amemit.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/egyptian/project-gutenberg/book-of-the-dead-budge.md
rights_note: Public-domain source text.
- id: ev:3
type: quote
locator: CHAPTER VII, The Judgment of Osiris; Papyrus of Ani judgment vignette
quote_or_summary: Ani's heart, is seen in one pan of the Balance, and in the other
is the feather, symbolic of truth and righteousness.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/egyptian/project-gutenberg/book-of-the-dead-budge.md
rights_note: Public-domain source text.
- id: ev:4
type: summary
locator: CHAPTER VII, The Judgment of Osiris; Thoth's verdict
quote_or_summary: Thoth declares that the heart has been weighed, the case is just
according to the Great Balance, and no wickedness has been found.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/egyptian/project-gutenberg/book-of-the-dead-budge.md
rights_note: Public-domain source text.
- id: ev:5
type: summary
locator: CHAPTER VII, The Judgment of Osiris; Ani before Osiris
quote_or_summary: Horus tells Osiris that Ani's heart is righteous, has come forth
from the Balance, has no sin before any god or goddess, and that Thoth has written
the judgment.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/egyptian/project-gutenberg/book-of-the-dead-budge.md
rights_note: Public-domain source text.
- id: ev:6
type: quote
locator: CHAPTER VII, The Judgment of Osiris; close of Chapter VII
quote_or_summary: Under favour of Osiris Ani then became a sahu, or "spirit-body,"
and in this form passed into the Kingdom of Osiris.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/egyptian/project-gutenberg/book-of-the-dead-budge.md
rights_note: Public-domain source text.
confidence:
extraction: medium
motif_candidates: medium
comparison_claims: low
notes: Budge's public-domain English edition is suitable for initial extraction,
but Egyptological review is needed.
reviewer_status:
status: draft
notes: Draft extraction for Wave 2 review.
extracted_by: Codex
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: Initial Egyptian Book of the Dead extraction focused on judgment, heart weighing,
Maati/maat, and Osiris.